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朝阳门 (北京)

39°55′26″N 116°26′01″E / 39.92384699999999°N 116.433593°E / 39.92384699999999; 116.433593

今日的朝阳门位置

朝陽門,原名齐化门,历史上是北京內城九門之一,位於內城東垣正中,现已拆毁。目前是北京二环路上一处地理坐标。北京地铁设有同名地铁站,是地铁2号线6号线的换乘站。

历史上的朝阳门城樓、箭樓形制與崇文門相似,城樓寬31.35米,深19.2米,城樓連同城台通高32米。瓮城寬68米,深62米,北側辟閘樓、券門,朝陽門關帝廟位於瓮城東北角,南向。

历史

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清末朝阳门外的护城河景观
1905年的朝陽門及箭樓
1917年的朝陽門外运河及吊桥连接处,内已建有环城铁路站

朝陽門原址為元大都齊化門。民間俗稱亦為齊化門。1368年9月14日,明朝军队从齐化门攻入元大都,元朝灭亡。朝陽門名字來於其門面向東方,每天都迎接京城的朝陽,故名。1900年朝陽門箭樓被日軍火炮擊毀,1903年重建。1915年修建環城鐵路時拆除瓮城。1953年拆除城樓及其城台。1958年拆除箭樓。

朝陽門是北京的糧門,多走糧車。原因是該門離京杭大運河通惠河段很近,南方通過京杭大運河運來的漕糧都由此門入城,存放在朝陽門內的幾座大倉庫內。也正因如此,朝陽門的標誌是瓮城門洞上所刻的一枝穀穗。朝陽門也有「杜門」的別稱,有休息的意思。

讀音

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永樂中念zhao(ㄓㄠ,音「昭」),英宗以百姓多口誤改chao(ㄔㄠˊ,音「巢」)。

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朝阳门 (北京)
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