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黄芩

黄芩
科学分类 编辑
界: 植物界 Plantae
演化支 维管植物 Tracheophyta
演化支 被子植物 Angiosperms
演化支 真双子叶植物 Eudicots
演化支 菊类植物 Asterids
目: 唇形目 Lamiales
科: 唇形科 Lamiaceae
属: 黄芩属 Scutellaria
种:
黄芩 S. baicalensis
二名法
Scutellaria baicalensis
異名

Scutellaria macrantha Fisch.[1]

黄芩學名Scutellaria baicalensis;英語:Chinese skullcap)是唇形科黄芩属的一种植物。黄芩的是一种草药,味苦、性寒,能清热燥湿、泻火解毒、止血、安胎[2]

形态

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多年生草本,圆柱形根肥大;方形茎,基部分枝;披针形的叶子对生。花期7-8月,花序顶生;花冠紫红色或蓝色;花萼二唇型,结果时闭合。

分布

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分布于中国东北华北,包括河南陕西山东等地。北京山区多见,

中药用途

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黄芩的根可入中药,並入选中国国家重点保护野生药材物种名录一般用来治疗上呼吸道感染肠胃炎北京农村老百姓用其叶代替茶叶[來源請求]黄芩是大柴胡汤小柴胡汤等多味中药的主要配方。

日本台湾都有报道患者因服用小柴胡汤而出现急性肝炎,可能是其中的黄芩引起的。[3][4][5]

黃芩含有黄芩素黄芩苷汉黄芩素去甲汉黄芩素千层纸素A[6]β-谷固醇[7]

主要治理實火,能夠解熱解渴,促進排便,止血安胎。

参考文献

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  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 Scutellaria baicalensis information from NPGS/GRIN. USDA. [2008-02-19]. (原始内容存档于2009-05-12). 
  2. ^ 侯敏; 马秀敏,丁剑冰. 唇形科植物抗炎、抗过敏和抗氧化活性研究进展. 科技导报. 2009-03-04, 27 (0904): 98–101 [2010年7月21日]. (原始内容存档于2017-03-22). 
  3. ^ 常用中成药的真相——小柴胡颗粒(冲剂、片)页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆方舟子新语丝,2009-01-19造访
  4. ^ [9]Itoh S et al, Dig Dis Sci. 1995, 40(8):1845-8
  5. ^ Hsu LM et al, J Chin Med Assoc. 2006, 69(2):86-8
  6. ^ Li, Hua-Bin; Chen, Feng. Isolation and purification of baicalein, wogonin and oroxylin A from the medicinal plant Scutellaria baicalensis by high-speed counter-current chromatography. Journal of Chromatography A. 2005-05, 1074 (1-2): 107–110. doi:10.1016/j.chroma.2005.03.088. 
  7. ^ Yang LX, Liu D, Feng XF, Cui SL, Yang JY, Tang XJ, He XR, Liu JF, Hu SL. [Determination of flavone for Scutellaria baicalensis from different areas by HPLC]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 2002, 27 (3): 166–70. PMID 12774393 (中文). 

延伸阅读

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[在维基数据]

维基文库中的相关文本:欽定古今圖書集成·博物彙編·草木典·黃芩部》,出自陈梦雷古今圖書集成
维基文库中的相关文本:植物名實圖考·黃芩》,出自吳其濬《植物名實圖考》

參看

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外部連結

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黄芩
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