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多年生植物

多年生植物是指壽命超過兩年的植物。由於木本植物皆為多年生,本詞通常僅指多年生的草本植物,又稱多年生草本植物)、多年草等。

多年生植物依氣候不同而有多種型態。在氣候溫和的地區,植物終年生長不落葉,稱為常綠植物;在季節變化明顯的地區,植物在溫暖的季節生長開花,到了冬天時,木本植物的樹葉會枯黃掉落,稱為落葉植物,草本植物則是僅保留地下莖部分進入休眠狀態,稱為宿根草。此外有些地區的氣候變化是以乾、溼季來劃分,當地的植物又會有不同的生命週期。

有些植物雖然有數年壽命,但生命中僅開花結果一次,然後便枯萎死亡,稱為單次開花植物,如龍舌蘭芙蓉菊,木本植物的董棕贝叶棕亦為此類。

參見

[编辑]
  • 一年生植物——在一年期间发芽、生长、开花然后死亡的植物
  • 二年生植物——两年期内完成其生命周期的显花植物
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多年生植物
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