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馬永成 (明朝宦官).
馬永成,明武宗時的宦官。明朝八虎之一。
馬永成侍奉明武宗,在其即位后,與劉瑾、高鳳、羅祥、魏彬、丘聚、谷大用、張永等人均以舊恩得幸,人稱「八虎」[1]。當時廷臣彈劾八虎,劉瑾假意獻忠,使得明武宗命劉瑾為司禮監,馬永成掌東廠,谷大用掌西廠。次日逼走內閣劉健、李東陽[2]。
正德五年,安化王朱寘鐇以檄劉瑾罪而謀反,都御史楊一清、太監張永為總督,討伐。此時馬永成、谷大用已經對劉瑾十分怨恨。在張永平定叛亂后,呈上朱寘鐇檄,奏劉瑾不法事,使得明武宗下決心剷除劉瑾,其中馬永成亦協助其中[3]。
参考文献
- ^ 《明史》(卷304):“武宗即位,掌鐘鼓司,與馬永成、高鳳、羅祥、魏彬、丘聚、谷大用、張永並以舊恩得幸,人號「八虎」,而瑾尤狡狠。”
- ^ 《明史》(卷304):“帝大怒,立命瑾掌司禮監,永成掌東廠,大用掌西廠,而夜收嶽及亨、智充南京凈軍。旦日諸臣入朝,將伏闕,知事已變,於是健、東陽皆求去。帝獨留東陽,而令焦芳入閣,追殺嶽、亨於途,箠智折臂。時正德元年十月也。”
- ^ 《明史》(卷304):“五年四月,安化王寘鐇反,檄數瑾罪。瑾始懼,匿其檄,而起都御史楊一清、太監張永為總督,討之。初,與瑾同為八虎者,當瑾專政時,有所請多不應,永成、大用等皆怨瑾。又欲逐永,永以譎免。及永出師還,欲因誅瑾,一清為畫策,永意遂決。瑾好招致術士,有俞日明者,妄言瑾從孫二漢當大貴。兵仗局太監孫和數遺以甲仗,兩廣鎮監潘午、蔡昭又為造弓弩,瑾皆藏於家。永捷疏至,將以八月十五日獻俘,瑾使緩其期。永慮有變,遂先期入,獻俘畢,帝置酒勞永,瑾等皆侍。及夜,瑾退,永出寘鐇檄,因奏瑾不法十七事。帝已被酒,俯首曰:“瑾負我。”永曰:“此不可緩。”永成等亦助之。”
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