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霜花

美国奥扎克山脉的霜花

在秋天或早冬,长茎植物挤出的薄冰层时在没有被外力打扰时会形成霜花。 薄冰通常会卷曲成类似于花朵的“花束”其本身沒有生命,溫度升高時會自然融化。

类型

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霜花形成也被称为冰面、冰城堡、冰花或水晶叶。

霜花的类型包括从土壤的孔隙中提取的针冰、冰柱或冰柱,以及从植物茎中的线性裂縫中擠出的冰帶,霜花一词也被用作冰带的同义词,但它也可以用来描述无关的窗口冰。

形成

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冰川花朵的形成于地面尚未结冰前的寒冷天气。 植物茎中的芽因结冰扩大,导致沿茎长形成长而细的裂口。 然后通过毛细現象通过这些裂縫析出水,并在与空气接触时结冰。 随着更多的水通过析出吸入,细冰层會被推到距離树干更远的地方,导致形成“花瓣”。

霜花的本體非常微妙,在触摸时会破裂。 它们通常會在阳光下融化或升华,因此通常只在清晨或有阴影地方可见。

通常形成霜花的植物的例子是弗州马鞭菊英语Verbesina virginica互叶马鞭菊英语Verbesine alternifolia加拿大半日花英语Helianthemum canadense[1] 也會在垂落下的松树枝中生长,產生的液压力足以切下树皮。

另見

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参考资料

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  1. ^ Missouri Conservationist Magazine Oct. 2000 issue. [2022-11-22]. (原始内容存档于2017-11-13). 
  • Carter, James R。, Flowers and Ribbons of Ice, American Scientist, September。 Oct。 2013, Vol。 101, #5, p。 360
  • Coblentz, W。 W。, “The Exudation of Ice from Stems of Plants”, Journal of the Franklin Institute, November 1914, 589-621
  • Means,D。 Bruce。 “冰花:这些微妙的"花"只在冬天发芽,但你不会发现它们在任何草药中被编目。 自然历史。 2004年2月。
  • Means,D。 Bruce。 “神秘的冰” 美国园丁。 2005年1月至2月,第34-8页。

外部链接

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霜花
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