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陆禽

关于生物分类框陸禽
原雞
原雞
科学分类编辑
界: 动物界 Animalia
门: 脊索动物门 Chordata
纲: 鸟纲 Aves
演化支 今颚类 Neognathae
传统分类中包含的子类群

陸禽Terrestores),是根據生活型態及棲息地類型所劃分出的一種鳥類分類。[1]生物分類學中,其範圍特指鳥綱下兩個現存,即雞形目鴿形目(後拆分為數個目所形成的鴿形總目)。[1][2]陸禽有時候也會包含走禽在內。[3]有時候英文的「Landfowl」可能會用以統稱陸禽,但更多用於指稱雞形目下的鳥類。[4]

陸禽因主要在陸地上活動,適應於地面奔走及覓食而得名。[5]在外觀上,其鳥喙較短,適合於地面上啄食;翅膀則形狀不定,可善飛或不擅飛皆有。[1]腳較短而強健,其中三趾在前,一趾向後,適合於在樹上棲息,但也會在地面上活動。[6][7]其食性以植物為主,也取食昆蟲和其它小動物;多為留鳥,少部分種類為候鳥。[6]常見的陸禽包含火雞鹌鹑鸽子等。[8]

陸禽有時候會再被兩個種類,即以雞形目的雉雞孔雀為首的「鶉雞類」以及以鴿形目的岩鴿斑鳩為主的「鳩鴿類」。[9][10]其中前者更適應於地面生活,而後者更善於飛行,多行樹棲型的生活。[9]

參考資料

  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 常家传; 马金生; 鲁长虎 (编). 鸟类学 2. 东北林业大学出版社. 1998: 35–36. ISBN 7810083767 (中文(中国大陆)). 
  2. ^ Yuri, Tamaki; Kimball, Rebecca T.; Harshman, John; Bowie, Rauri C. K.; Braun, Michael J.; Chojnowski, Jena L.; Han, Kin-Lan; Hackett, Shannon J.; Huddleston, Christopher J.; Moore, William S.; Reddy, Sushma; Sheldon, Frederick H.; Steadman, David W.; Witt, Christopher C.; Braun, Edward L. Parsimony and Model-Based Analyses of Indels in Avian Nuclear Genes Reveal Congruent and Incongruent Phylogenetic Signals. Biology. 2013-03, 2 (1): 419–444 [2024-03-21]. ISSN 2079-7737. doi:10.3390/biology2010419. (原始内容存档于2018-11-16) (英语). 
  3. ^ 修正「新竹市H5、H7亞型家禽流行性感冒防治措施」,並自即日生效. 新竹市動物保護及防疫所. [2024-03-21]. (原始内容存档于2024-03-21) (中文(臺灣)). 
  4. ^ Alfieri, James M; Hingoranee, Reina; Athrey, Giridhar N; Blackmon, Heath. Domestication is associated with increased interspecific hybrid compatibility in landfowl (order: Galliformes). Journal of Heredity. 2024-02-03, 115 (1): 1–10 [2024-03-21]. doi:10.1093/jhered/esad059. (原始内容存档于2024-03-21) (英语). 
  5. ^ 陆禽. 《中国大百科全书》第三版网络版. [2024-03-21]. (原始内容存档于2024-03-21) (中文(中国大陆)). 
  6. ^ 6.0 6.1 陆禽. 中国数字科技馆. [2024-03-21]. (原始内容存档于2013-05-01) (中文(中国大陆)). 
  7. ^ 陆禽类. 《中国大百科全书》第三版网络版. [2024-03-21]. (原始内容存档于2024-03-21). 
  8. ^ 赵国; 刘金彪; 刘秀梵. 不同禽类在 H5N1 亚型高致病性 禽流感流行中的作用 33 (10): 38–41. 2011 [2024-03-21]. (原始内容存档于2024-03-21) (中文(中国大陆)). 
  9. ^ 9.0 9.1 石红艳; 刘昊; 杨丽红. 动物学野外实习手册. 科学出版社. 2016: 34. ISBN 978-7030472199 (中文(中国大陆)). 
  10. ^ 赵建成; 吴跃峰 (编). 生物资源学 第二版. 2008-09. ISBN 9787030227393 (中文(中国大陆)). 
鸟类生态类群
非洲鸵鸟 鸳鸯 大白鹭 藍腹鷴 鹗 大斑啄木鸟 斑鸫 秘鲁企鹅
走禽 游禽 涉禽 陆禽 猛禽 攀禽 鳴禽 楔翼
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陆禽
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