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阿尔金山脉

阿克塞哈萨克族自治县域内的山脉远景

阿尔金山脉維吾爾語ئالتىن تاغ‎,拉丁维文:Altin Tagh,意為「金山」),山脉位于青藏高原北面,是构成青藏高原北边屏障的山脉之一,也是柴达木盆地塔里木盆地的界山。位置介于北纬37°~39°30′之间,东经86°~94°10'之间,大致呈东西走向,东面与祁连山衔接,西端昆仑山分界,全长720公里,最宽处超过100公里,面积6.2万平方公里。

阿尔金山脉西高东低,一般海拔3500至4000米,最高峰为苏拉木塔格峰,海拔6295米,位于新疆南部苏拉木塔格山的主脊。阿尔金山山体两翼不对称,北坡相对高度可达2500米以上,南坡地势缓和,高差小。

山脉的气候十分干燥。3000米中山带年降水量在100毫米以下,山坡上干燥剥蚀强烈,形成黄土状物质堆积;3500米的亚高山带年降水量稍增,但仍然干旱;4000米的高山带干旱寒冷,寒冻风化强烈;5500米以上的山峰终年积雪和有现代冰川发育。

河流水量主要靠冰雪融水补给,水量不大;山系跨越青海甘肃新疆三个省区

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阿尔金山脉
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