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通州南門

39°54′06″N 116°39′47″E / 39.90161803340149°N 116.66307297324799°E / 39.90161803340149; 116.66307297324799

通州舊城南門

通州南门是明清通州旧城的南门,及其瓮城位于南大街南关大街交界处[1],现已拆除。城门题为迎薰[2]

通州南门外有通州下闸[3],曾是木坝,乾隆五十四年(1789年)九月十五日,乾隆皇帝下令“若照旧仍修木坝,恐难经久,应一律改修石坝。”[4]

1900年8月9日凌晨,八国联军中的日军到达了通州南门。凌晨3点20分,日军工兵第三中队使用黄色火药二十千克将紧闭的古城门炸倒(日军记录到,有两道门,其中第一门厚四米多,里面用沙袋覆盖)[5],开始抢劫通州城中财物。日军占领了大運中倉大運西倉,抢走了全部仓粮和藏在仓场衙门地下室的185万两白银,烧毁仓场衙门、通粮厅、大运西仓等漕运官署和设施[6]。日军抢完后,俄军8时才到达通州,继续抢夺日军没抢完的价值较低的财务。通州城中死者六成,逃者三成,只剩一成老弱病残[7]

周边

[编辑]
  • 開平王常遇春:在南門內东侧,是明太祖時命令修建,燕山侯的后代们举行祭祀。每年春秋上旬的丁日,官吏前往祭祀。现不存。鄭國公祠碑上写着「公下通州,嚴戢士卒,民不知有兵,愛公如父母。公薨,喪過通,罷市迎哭,共醵財立廟。」野史说常將軍剽銳嗜殺,所到之处縱士卒殺掠,导致有一段时间兵力特别强,独霸北方。因为知道天下将要太平了,行事的作风与以前大大不同了[8]

周边

[编辑]
光緒《通州志》中的“城池圖”

参考资料

[编辑]
  1. ^ 何卓新主编;王玉辉(卷)主编;北京市政协文史资料委员会编,北京文史资料精选 通州卷,北京出版社,2006,第50页
  2. ^ 链接至维基文库 钦定古今图书集成 方舆汇编 第十五卷. 维基文库 (中文). 
  3. ^ (明)杨宏,(明)谢纯撰;荀德麟,何振华点校,漕运通志,方志出版社,2006.04,第238页
  4. ^ 王国平主编,大清皇帝在滦平,白山出版社,2015,第382页
  5. ^ 路遥主编,义和团运动文献资料汇编 日译文卷 日本参谋本部文件,山东大学出版社,2012.02,第269页
  6. ^ 王密林. 消失的粮仓:千年漕运的见证. 北京晚报. 2017-10-27 [2020-12-17]. (原始内容存档于2021-09-24). 
  7. ^ 朱政等编著,血溅京津 八国联军侵华战争实录,军事谊文出版社,1999.01,第74页
  8. ^ 链接至维基文库 钦定古今图书集成 方舆汇编 第四十九卷. 维基文库 (中文). 
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通州南門
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