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足菌腫

足菌腫
同义词马杜拉脚[1]
被真菌感染的腳
症状腫脹、化膿、骨骼變形[2]
併發症截肢
病因馬杜拉分枝菌屬英语MadurellaFalciformispora英语Falciformispora月状旋孢腔菌英语Curvularia lunata假霉样真菌属英语Pseudallescheria新龟甲形菌属英语Neotestudina枝顶孢霉属赛多孢菌属鐮孢菌屬真菌 [3]
診斷方法顯微鏡學活體組織檢查微生物培养[2]醫學影像酶联免疫吸附测定免疫擴散法英语immunodiffusionDNA測序[4]
鑑別診斷放线菌病英语Actinomycosis[2]
治療清創手術抗真菌药[2]
藥物伊曲康唑泊沙康唑英语posaconazole伏立康唑英语voriconazole[4]
预后復發率高[5]
患病率長發於漠南非洲印度南美洲熱帶地區[2]
分类和外部资源
醫學專科感染[3]
ICD-111F29
ICD-10B47.0
ICD-9-CM117.4
DiseasesDB8472
eMedicine1090932、​1090738
[编辑此条目的维基数据]

足菌腫(Eumycetoma)又稱马杜拉足[1][6][7],是真菌對表皮與皮下組織的持續性感染,大多感染腳部,少數情況也會感染等身體的其他部位[5]。此病初期僅發生無痛的結節,可能持續數年之久,繼而發生腫脹、潰爛、化膿甚至骨骼變形[2]。造成足菌腫感染的真菌包括馬杜拉足腫菌英语Madurella mycetomatis灰马杜拉分枝菌英语Madurella grisea月状旋孢腔菌英语Cochliobolus lunatus波氏假性黴樣菌英语Pseudallescheria boydii賽多孢菌屬枝頂孢霉屬鐮孢菌屬的物種[3][8]。此病的診斷方式包括在顯微鏡下進行活體組織檢查[5],並以醫學影像判斷骨骼受損情形,其他診斷方式還有酶联免疫吸附测定免疫擴散法英语immunodiffusionDNA測序[4]放線菌感染可能造成與足菌腫類似的症狀[9][10]

足菌腫的治療方式為進行清創手術與服用抗真菌药[2](依菌種而異使用伊曲康唑泊沙康唑英语posaconazole伏立康唑英语voriconazole[4]),但此病復發率高,嚴重時可能需截肢[5]。足菌腫主要發生在漠南非洲印度中南美洲熱帶地區[2][11]北非也曾有案例發生[12][13],染病者大多為20歲至40歲從事農牧業或擔任勞工的男性,或在疫區旅遊的旅客[4]。2016年,世界衛生組織將足菌腫列為被忽視熱帶病[11]

足菌腫在印度古代的文獻中即有記載,稱作「Padavalmika」,意為「足部的蟻丘[9]。關於足菌腫的首次現代醫學記載則是在1842年印度南部的馬杜賴,為此病英文別名「马杜拉脚」的名稱由來。1860年,研究確定此病為真菌感染所致[9]

參考文獻

[编辑]
  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 Kutzner, Heinz; Kempf, Werner; Feit, Josef; Sangueza, Omar. 2. Fungal infections. Atlas of Clinical Dermatopathology: Infectious and Parasitic Dermatoses. Hoboken: Wiley Blackwell. 2021: 77–108 [9 June 2021]. ISBN 978-1-119-64706-5. (原始内容存档于10 June 2021). 
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 Johnstone, Ronald B. 25. Mycoses and Algal infections. Weedon's Skin Pathology Essentials 2nd. Elsevier. 2017: 457 [13 June 2021]. ISBN 978-0-7020-6830-0. (原始内容存档于25 May 2021). 
  3. ^ 3.0 3.1 3.2 ICD-11 – ICD-11 for Mortality and Morbidity Statistics. icd.who.int. [9 June 2021]. (原始内容存档于1 August 2018). 
  4. ^ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 Queiroz-Telles, Flavio; Fahal, Ahmed Hassan; Falci, Diego R.; Caceres, Diego H.; Chiller, Tom; Pasqualotto, Alessandro C. Neglected endemic mycoses. The Lancet. Infectious Diseases. November 2017, 17 (11): e367–e377 [30 August 2021]. ISSN 1474-4457. PMID 28774696. doi:10.1016/S1473-3099(17)30306-7. (原始内容存档于27 August 2021). 
  5. ^ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 Estrada, Roberto; Chávez-López, Guadalupe; Estrada-Chávez, Guadalupe; López-Martínez, Rubén; Welsh, Oliverio. Eumycetoma. Clinics in Dermatology. July 2012, 30 (4): 389–396. ISSN 1879-1131. PMID 22682186. doi:10.1016/j.clindermatol.2011.09.009. 
  6. ^ Barlow, Gavin; Irving, Irving; moss, Peter J. 20. Infectious diseases. Feather, Adam; Randall, David; Waterhouse, Mona (编). Kumar and Clark's Clinical Medicine 10th. Elsevier. 2020: 561 [13 June 2021]. ISBN 978-0-7020-7870-5. (原始内容存档于13 June 2021). 
  7. ^ 足菌肿. 世界衛生組織. 2022-01-14 [2024-04-06]. (原始内容存档于2024-04-06). 
  8. ^ Bravo, Francisco G. 14. Fungal, viral and rickettsial infections. Hoang, Mai P.; Selim, Maria Angelica (编). Hospital-Based Dermatopathology: An Illustrated Diagnostic Guide. Switzerland: Springer. 2020: 638–664 [11 June 2021]. ISBN 978-3-030-35819-8. (原始内容存档于11 June 2021). 
  9. ^ 9.0 9.1 9.2 Ananthanarayan BA, Jayaram CK, Paniker MD. Textbook of Microbiology 7th. Orient Longman Private Ltd. 2006: 618. ISBN 978-8125028086. 
  10. ^ Mycetoma | DermNet NZ. dermnetnz.org. [11 June 2021]. (原始内容存档于13 June 2021). 
  11. ^ 11.0 11.1 Emery, Darcy; Denning, David W. The global distribution of actinomycetoma and eumycetoma. PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases. 2020, 14 (9): e0008397. ISSN 1935-2735. PMC 7514014可免费查阅. PMID 32970667. doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0008397可免费查阅. 
  12. ^ Elgallali, N; El Euch, D; Cheikhrouhou, R; Belhadj, S; Chelly, I; Chaker, E; Ben Osman, A. [Mycetoma in Tunisia: a 15-case series].. Médecine Tropicale. June 2010, 70 (3): 269–73. PMID 20734597. 
  13. ^ Karrakchou, B; Boubnane, I; Senouci, K; Hassam, B. Madurella mycetomatis infection of the foot: a case report of a neglected tropical disease in a non-endemic region.. BMC Dermatology. 10 January 2020, 20 (1): 1. PMC 6953183可免费查阅. PMID 31918687. doi:10.1186/s12895-019-0097-1可免费查阅. 
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足菌腫
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