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重力微子

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重力微子(英語:Gravitino)為結合廣義相對論超對稱超引力理论所預言的一个粒子。其為重力子的超對稱伴粒子,是一規範費米子。目前还是一种假想粒子,也被提議為暗物質的候選者。

若其存在,其為自旋32的費米子,遵守哈希塔-史溫格方程式英语Rarita-Schwinger equation。重力微子場通常寫作ψμα,其中μ = 0,1,2,3四維向量指標,而α = 1,2旋量指標。當μ = 0,會得到負的範數模,一如其他自旋1以上的無質量粒子。這結果是非物理性的;為了符合么正性,必需存在規範對稱來抵銷這些模:δψμα = ∂μεα,其中εα(x)為時空的旋量函數。此一規範對稱性是局域的超對稱轉換,而所得理論為超重力

重力微子傳遞超重力作用,一如光子傳遞電磁力作用以及理論性的重力子傳遞重力作用。在超重力理論中,發生超對稱破缺時,重力微子會獲得質量。這個效應在不同超對稱破缺模型中差異很大,但若超對稱要想解決標準模型中的層次問題英语hierarchy problem,則重力微子的質量不能超過1 TeV/c2。其實,在統一溫度下,宇宙特定格子點的高能就是0.1~1TeV,由超對稱破缺獲得的質量即小於等於1TeV/c2.由此種破缺的機制獲得質量者,就不能再透過希格斯場機制獲得質量,這是因為質能守恆原理。

與Rarita Schwinger方程式的關係

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重力微子
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