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赫比格Ae/Be星

恆星形成
天體分類
理論的觀念
相關學門
主题 恒星主题

赫比格Ae/Be星主序前星光譜類型為A和B的年輕恆星 (<1,000萬年)。它們依然被埋在氣體的外殼內,並且也許還被拱星盤環繞著,在光譜中可以觀察到的發射譜線。它們的質量在2-8太陽質量,依然在恆星形成的階段(重力收縮),並且即將成為主序星(也就是說在核心尚未開始燃燒氫)。在赫羅圖上,這些恆星依然在主序帶的右邊。它們是以美國天文學家喬治·赫比格命名的恆星,因為他在1960年就注意到這種天體。喬治·赫比格原先用來分辨的準則是:

現在知道有些孤獨的赫比格Ae/Be星(也就是說與暗星雲或星雲沒有關聯),因此現在真正可靠的標準是:

有時候赫比格Ae/Be星會出現值得注意的光度變化,它們被認為是在拱星盤內有簇聚(原行星微星)。在光度最低的階段,恆星的輻射會偏藍和線性偏極化(當簇聚遮蔽直射的星光,來自盤面的散射光就會相對的增加 - 這與我們的天空呈現藍色的效應相同)。

在低質量的範圍(<2太陽質量),也有光譜為F、G、K或M,類似赫比格Ae/Be星的主序前星,稱為金牛T星。質量更大(>8太陽質量)的主序前星,因為演化的非常快速,所以未曾被發現過:當它們能用可見光觀測時(也就是說拱星盤中的氣體和塵埃已經消散),在核心的氫已經開始燃燒,所以它們已經成為主序星了。

參考資料

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赫比格Ae/Be星
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