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蛋黃

一顆蛋黃被蛋白環繞著
蛋白圍繞著一顆蛋黃
除去蛋白、用於烹飪的蛋黃

蛋黃,又稱卵黃[1],是指)內的黃色球狀物質,是胚的主要營養來源。與蛋白一樣,蛋黃遇熱後會凝固成固體。

蛋黃主要是提供胚胎成長時的養分物質,其中小白點為細胞核,必須仔細看才能發現。而蛋黃的兩端各有一條繫帶,繫帶的功用是將蛋黃固定在蛋白裡面。

雞蛋黃的成分

新鲜生鸡蛋蛋黄
每100 g(3.5 oz)食物營養值
1,325 kJ(317 kcal)
3.59 g
26.54 g
15.86 g
色氨酸0.177 g
蘇氨酸0.687 g
異亮氨酸0.866 g
亮氨酸1.399 g
賴氨酸1.217 g
蛋氨酸0.378 g
胱氨酸0.264 g
苯丙氨酸0.681 g
酪氨酸0.678 g
缬氨酸0.949 g
精氨酸1.099 g
組氨酸0.416 g
丙氨酸0.836 g
天冬氨酸1.550 g
谷氨酸0.595 g
甘氨酸0.488 g
脯氨酸0.545 g
絲氨酸1.326 g
维生素
維生素A equiv.
(48%)
381 μg
硫胺(維生素B1
(15%)
0.176 mg
核黃素(維生素B2
(44%)
0.528 mg
(60%)
2.990 mg
葉酸(維生素B9
(37%)
146 μg
胆碱
(167%)
820.2 mg
维生素D
(36%)
218 IU
膳食礦物質
(13%)
129 mg
(21%)
2.73 mg
(1%)
5 mg
(56%)
390 mg
(2%)
109 mg
(24%)
2.30 mg
其他成分
52.31 g
Cholesterol1085 mg
One large egg contains 17 grams of yolk.
參照美國標準的相對百分比
成人每日的参考膳食摄入量(DRI)
來源:(英文)美國農業部營養数据库


蛋黃在雞蛋中佔了約33%液體的重量;它有約60卡的熱量,為蛋白的三倍。

一顆較大的雞蛋(總重50克,蛋黃重17克)含有大約:蛋白質2.7克、膽固醇0.21克、碳水化合物0.61克、總脂肪4.51克。(美國農業部營養數據庫)

蛋黃內含有所有脂溶性維生素(ADEK)。蛋黃是少數天然含有維生素D的食物。

蛋黃成分內脂肪酸的普遍比例(按重計)如下:[2]

蛋黃是汲取卵磷脂乳化劑表面活性劑的來源。

蛋黃的黃顏色則是因含有黃體素玉米黃質,其為黃或橙色的類胡蘿蔔素,稱為葉黃素

參考資料

  1. ^ 【卵黃】. [2023-04-26]. (原始内容存档于2023-04-29). 
  2. ^ 美國國家研究委員會, 1976, 動物製品的脂肪含量及成分 (Fat Content and Composition of Animal Products), 印刷及出版部門, 美國國家科學院, Washington, D.C., ISBN 0-309-02440-4; p. 203, 線上版本页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆

外部連結

参见

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蛋黃
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