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苑塘话

苑塘话客家话Yen-thòng-fa),又称鸯塘话蛇话,是建立在现代汉语客家话的基础上、一字两音节人工语言语言游戏,流传于中国广东省兴宁市龙田苑塘地区[1]

历史

苑塘话主要在苑塘地区的罗姓各房宗族内流传,以及在宗族小学内教育和继承,具有宗族认同的作用[2]。苑塘话的发明可能与苑塘罗姓宗族为了传达商业、军事或其他秘密活动消息有关,其时间可能在晚清[3]

苑塘话至少有汉字和字母文字两种书写形式,但大多数苑塘话使用者未有掌握;一名十九路军中级军官能够用汉字书写苑塘话;文化大革命期间,苑塘地区是“旗派”和“联派”武斗的重灾区,苑塘罗姓宗族利用苑塘话规避军宣队和社教队的驻村工作[4]。当代罗姓宗族少有苑塘话使用者[3]

规则

苑塘话的规则为将客家话的一字拆分为两个音节,多数情况下,其中一个音节的母音(辅音)与字的母音相同,另一个音节的子音(元音)与字的子音相同。

母音的口诀为“安手野行我快,短蓬孤就波遮。问先宗身何处?桃花源李门家。”子音的口诀为“宽心东西磊私,亏跟砌粗他山。漂身春秋淹呵,低声呼相欧歌。”[4]

用例

普通话 客家话 苑塘话
吃饭 食饭 [sit fan] 手习花散/首席花散 [siujit fasan]
女人 妇人 [fu nin] 伞付元成 [sanfu ngiensin]
回家 转屋家 [jon vuk ha] 伞秆温笃狐伞 [sangon vunduk husan]
发财 发财 [fat choi] 发抵就达 [fatdei chiutat]
疯子 狂鬼 [kong gui] 快箱估愧 [kaisiong gukui]
茶烟 茶烟 [cha yen] 就达野根 [chiutat yagien]
撒尿 屙尿 [o ngiau] 安科年票 [onko nienpiau]

数词

数字 客家话 苑塘话
1 一 [it] 野息 [yasit]
2 两 [liong] 李想 [lisiong]
3 三 [sang] 先奄 [sienyang]
4 四 [si] 先锯 [siengi]
5 五 [ng] 安懂 [ondung]
6 六 [liuk] 李刺 [lichiuk]
7 七 [chit] 就吉 [chiugit]
8 八 [bat] 坡抵 [podei]
9 九 [giu] 独骤 [tukchiu]
10 十 [suk] 首伏 [siufuk]


参见

参考文献

  1. ^ 刘本才, 李春. 射字游戏及其应用[J]. 文化学刊, 2010(3):4.
  2. ^ 陈靖云. 兴宁“鸳塘话”研究——兼论兴宁苑塘罗氏家族的兴衰史[J]. 客家文博, 2012(02):51-58.
  3. ^ 3.0 3.1 邓盛有. 从兴宁“鸳塘话”探析客家话的秘密语[J]. 联大学报, 2019, 16(2):93-105.
  4. ^ 4.0 4.1 罗建平. 举世无双的神秘罗氏族语:苑塘话. 客家风情, 2003.
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苑塘话
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