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罗纹鸭

罗纹鸭
雄鸟
雌鳥
科学分类 编辑
界: 动物界 Animalia
门: 脊索动物门 Chordata
纲: 鸟纲 Aves
目: 雁形目 Anseriformes
科: 鴨科 Anatidae
属: 亞鴨屬 Mareca
种:
罗纹鸭 M. falcata
二名法
Mareca falcata
Georgi, 1775
異名
  • Anas falcata Georgi, 1775

罗纹鸭學名Mareca falcata),又名葭凫、罗文鸭、镰刀毛小鸭、镰刀鸭、扁头鸭、早鸭、三鸭。

特征

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罗纹鸭系中等体形的Mareca属鸟类,体长约为50厘米左右。本物种雄雌异形异色,雄鸟头部为带金属光泽的紫红色,额部近嘴基处有一很小的白色色块;后颈及颈侧的羽毛略长,垂于脑后,为带金属光泽的绿色,自头顶的紫红色到颈部的绿色过渡平缓,没有突兀的颜色变化;颌部有一月牙形的横白斑,白斑下部为一条很细的暗绿色颈环,上背及肩部灰白色,下背和腰部暗褐色;胸部密布黑色的波状纹,远看呈灰色,两胁亦密布波状纹,但纹路较细,远看呈淡灰色,两侧的尾下覆羽奶油黄色,在臀部形成两块类似雄性绿翅鸭的“奶油屁股”;本物种雄鸟最显著的特征是它伸长并向下弯曲呈镰刀状的三级飞羽,长长地拖在水中,这是其他鸟类所不具有的。雌性以深棕色和黑色为基色,不具有雄性特有的镰刀状三级飞羽,造成辨识上的困难,尾羽略长而尖,但不似针尾鸭雌鸟那般体形修长,头形和躯体体形隐约可见雄性的影子可以作为辨识的依据。

习性

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罗纹鸭喜成队栖息于内陆湖泊、沼泽、河流等处的平静水面,较少见于沿海地区。白天本物种喜在近水的灌丛中休息,晨昏飞向农田湖泊的浅水处觅食。

植食性鸟类,他们的食谱包括水藻、植物种子等。

分布

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繁殖于西伯利亚东部,中国东北的中部和东部;越冬于朝鲜日本台灣中南半岛缅甸印度北部,中国东部自河北以南直到海南的大部分省份均可见本物种越冬。

繁殖与保护

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罗纹鸭一窝产6-9枚卵,呈淡黄或乳白色,孵化期24天。

罗纹鸭未列入濒危目录,但栖息地破坏和非法捕猎造成本物种数量锐减,需要投入特别关注。

罗纹鸭(Anas falcata)幼雄
Anas falcata

外部链接

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  1. ^ BirdLife International. Mareca falcata. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016. [1 October 2016].  数据库資料包含說明此物種被編入近危級別的原因
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罗纹鸭
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