细胞体
| 神经元的结构 |
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典型神經元的結構
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细胞体（英語：soma，cell body）简称胞体，是神经元（神经细胞）的结构之一。细胞体的形状近似于球体，直径约为20微米。细胞体由细胞质基质、细胞器与细胞核组成[1]。
功能
携带遗传信息的细胞核位于细胞体中。细胞体中含有核糖体、粗面内质网、滑面内质网、高尔基体，以及线粒体等细胞器，是神经元蛋白质合成的主要场所[1][5]。在细胞体中合成的蛋白质可通过轴突内部的微管集束运输到轴突远离细胞体的一段，以维持轴突的正常功能[5][6]。
参见
参考文献
- ^ 1.0 1.1 Mark. F. Bear; Barry W. Conners; Michael A. Paradiso. Neuroscience: exploring the brain Third Edition. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. 2007: 28-35. ISBN 978-0-7817-6003-4.
- ^ Bazargani, N; Attwell, D. Astrocyte calcium signaling: the third wave.. Nature Neuroscience. February 2016, 19 (2): 182–9. PMID 26814587. doi:10.1038/nn.4201.
- ^ Baumann, N; Pham-Dinh, D. Biology of oligodendrocyte and myelin in the mammalian central nervous system.. Physiological Reviews. April 2001, 81 (2): 871–927. PMID 11274346. doi:10.1152/physrev.2001.81.2.871.
- ^ Kozlowski, C; Weimer, RM. An automated method to quantify microglia morphology and application to monitor activation state longitudinally in vivo.. PLoS ONE. 2012, 7 (2): e31814. PMC 3294422
. PMID 22457705. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0031814.
- ^ 5.0 5.1 Kim, Eunjin; Jung, Hosung. Local protein synthesis in neuronal axons: why and how we study. BMB Reports. 2015, 48 (3): 139–146. ISSN 1976-6696. doi:10.5483/BMBRep.2015.48.3.010.
- ^ Freund, Tamás F.; Katona, István. Perisomatic Inhibition. Neuron. 2007, 56 (1): 33–42. ISSN 0896-6273. doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2007.09.012.
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