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管领 (八旗)

管领内管领满语ᡥᠣᠨ᠋ᡨ᠋ᠣᡥᠣ转写hontoho,直译浑托霍[1]:4挥托和[2]:60珲托和[1]:6),原意为半个佐领。是八旗基层组织单位。雍正之前,其长官称包衣满语ᠪᠣᠣᡳ
ᡩᠠ
穆麟德轉寫booi da,直译包衣达)。自雍正末年、乾隆初年开始,长官亦称管领[2]:60

康熙朝,内务府三旗形成。初设满洲佐领9,旗鼓佐领12,高丽(朝鲜)佐领1,管领20。三藩之乱后,清廷将三藩旧部人口编入内务府。康熙三十四年(1695年),内务府三旗编制增至满洲佐领15,旗鼓佐领18,朝鲜佐领2,管领30。现代研究者指出,这30个内务府管领中,至少23个管领安插有三藩罪臣家人。内务府管领下人居住于北京城,由内务府驱使充当杂役[1]:6、7

注释

  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 刘小萌. 《内务府管领中的“尚藩”人口》. 清史研究 (北京市: 中国人民大学). 2018, (2018年第1期): 1—15 [2021-07-13]. ISSN 1002-8587. (原始内容存档于2021-07-17) (简体中文). 
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 杜祐寧. 《幸出水火:清雍乾時期宗室隸屬包衣佐領的身分調整》. 成大歷史學報 (臺南市: 國立成功大學歷史系). 2015, (2015年48期): 57—78. ISSN 1683-9749 (繁体中文). 
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管领 (八旗)
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