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磷酸氫二鉀

磷酸氫二鉀
IUPAC名
Potassium hydrogen phosphate
英文名 Dipotassium phosphate
别名 磷酸二钾、磷酸一氢钾、磷酸氢钾
识别
CAS号 7758-11-4  checkY
PubChem 24450
ChemSpider 22858
SMILES
 
  • [K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)O
InChI
 
  • 1/2K.H3O4P/c;;1-5(2,3)4/h;;(H3,1,2,3,4)/q2*+1;/p-2
InChIKey ZPWVASYFFYYZEW-NUQVWONBAH
性质
化学式 K2HPO4
摩尔质量 174.2 g/mol g·mol⁻¹
外观 白色潮解粉末
密度 2.44 g/cm3
熔点 > 465 °C
溶解性 149.25 g/100 mL (20 °C)
溶解性 略溶于乙醇
pKa 12.4
pKb 6.8
危险性
NFPA 704
0
2
0
 
闪点 不可燃
若非注明,所有数据均出自标准状态(25 ℃,100 kPa)下。

磷酸氢二鉀(化学式:K2HPO4)又稱 磷酸二鉀磷酸一氢钾,是磷酸生成的酸式盐之一。它为易潮解的白色粉末,可溶于水,水溶液呈弱鹼性。

性质

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無色四方晶系結晶或白色結晶粉末,有潮解性,可溶於水,微溶於乙醇,低毒性,健康危害等級2,水溶液呈弱鹼性。

製備

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一般利用磷酸氫氧化鉀反應製成:

用途

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主要用于医药业和发酵工业,微生物,菌类培养基,pH缓冲剂。用作液体肥料、防冻剂的缓蚀剂。食品工业中用作缓冲剂、螯合剂等。

作为食品添加剂,磷酸氫二鉀用于仿乳制品奶精,干粉饮料,矿物质补充剂和发酵剂。[1] 它用于非乳制品奶精以防止凝结。[2]

磷酸氢二钾也用于制备缓冲溶液,用于生产用于细菌培养的琼脂平板大豆胰酶解酪蛋白琼脂。

3%的磷酸氢二钾凝胶用作Crest Sensi-Strips中的活性成分,它是常见的牙齿敏感性产品。

安全

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作為食品添加劑,被美國食品藥品監督管理局列為一般認為安全(Gererally recognized as safe)。[3]

参见

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參考來源

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  1. ^ John H. Thorngate iii, Seppo Salminen , Larry A . Branen , and Michael P . Davidson (编). Food Phosphates. Food Additives. CRC Press. 2001. ISBN 978-0-8247-9343-2. doi:10.1201/9780824741709.ch25. 
  2. ^ dipotassium phosphate. [2009-01-06]. (原始内容存档于2020-06-12).  (uses: Food Industry)
  3. ^ Database of Select Committee on GRAS Substances (SCOGS) Reviews. [2008-03-22]. (原始内容存档于2007-05-21).  (listed as "potassium phosphate, dibasic")
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磷酸氫二鉀
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