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磷酸二氫鉀

磷酸二氫鉀
IUPAC名
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate
英文名 Monopotassium phosphate
别名 磷酸一钾
KDP
识别
CAS号 7778-77-0  checkY
PubChem 516951
ChemSpider 22914
SMILES
 
  • [K+].OP(O)([O-])=O
EINECS 231-913-4
RTECS TC6615500
性质
化学式 KH2PO4
摩尔质量 136.086 g·mol⁻¹
外观 白色粉末或无色晶体,具有吸湿性
密度 2.338 g/cm3
熔点 252.6 °C
沸点 400 °C 分解
溶解性 33 g/100 ml
溶解性 不溶于乙醇
pKa 7.2
结构
晶体结构 四方晶系
危险性
MSDS MSDS
NFPA 704
0
1
0
 
闪点 不可燃
若非注明,所有数据均出自标准状态(25 ℃,100 kPa)下。

磷酸二氢鉀(化学式:KH2PO4)又稱磷酸一鉀KDP,是一种酸式盐

性质

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無色四方晶系結晶或白色結晶粉末,有潮解性,溶於水,不溶於乙醇,低毒性,健康危害等級1。水溶液有酸性,1%磷酸二氢钾溶液的pH为4.6。加热到400°C时熔化为透明状的液体,冷却后固化为不透明玻璃状的偏磷酸钾。

制取

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由适量的磷酸碳酸钾反应而得。或由计算量的磷酸与氢氧化钾溶液反应,再经脱色、过滤、浓缩、冷却、结晶、离心分离和干燥得到。

用途

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工业级磷酸二氢钾产品的应用领域非常广泛,在主要行业中的具体用途分别是:农业上用作高效磷钾复合肥,并且,磷酸二氢钾产品广泛适用于各类型经济作物、粮食、瓜果、蔬菜等几乎全部类型的作物;在食品工业中,磷酸二氢钾作为烘焙食品添加剂和营养调味添加剂使用;化学工业中作为生产焦磷酸钾和其它钾盐的化工原料;在光学领域被用作倍频材料。

参见

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參考來源

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磷酸二氫鉀
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