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英武可汗.
英武可汗(?—759年)原称葛勒可汗,藥羅葛氏,名磨延啜。回纥汗國的第二任可汗,尊号登里囉没蜜施頡翳徳蜜施毗伽可汗(古突厥文拉丁轉寫:Tängridä Bolmïš Il Itmiš Bilgä Qaghan)[1],在位時間為749-759年[1][2]。
出生年份无记载。747年,磨延啜的父亲、回纥汗國的第一任可汗骨力裴罗去世,磨延啜即位为葛勒可汗。成为药罗葛、胡咄葛、咄罗勿、貊歌息讫、阿勿嘀、葛萨、斛嗢素、药勿葛、奚耶勿九姓的可汗。751年,葛勒可汗在鄂尔浑山谷建立了新都窝鲁朵八里(古突厥文拉丁轉寫:Ordu Balıq)[2](回纥牙帐单于城)。由唐朝和粟特工匠建造的城池在于都斤山脚下矗立。城墙是褐色的砖石,呈方形的护城河环城而建。可汗家族居住的宫城有两个城门和瞭望塔加强警戒。7年后,回纥汗國控制了贝加尔湖地区,在色楞格河畔修建了白八里(富贵城),征服北部诸部落。安史之乱爆发后,葛勒可汗应唐肃宗之邀,派长子叶护太子帮助唐朝收复两京。758年,唐朝赐葛勒可汗号英武威遠毗伽闕可汗,简称英武可汗;唐肃宗将寡居的二女儿宁国公主嫁给了英武可汗。759年,英武可汗在征服萨彦岭部族(葉尼塞吉爾吉斯人)的庆功会上去世,次子移地健继位,即牟羽可汗。
- ^ 1.0 1.1 Yoshida (2020), p. 91.
- ^ 2.0 2.1 Golden (1992), p. 158.
- Golden, P. B. (1992) An Introduction to the History of the Turkic Peoples: Ethnogenesis and State Formation in Medieval and Early Modern Eurasia and the Middle East. Wiesbaden.
- Yoshida, Y. (2020) 'Studies of the Karabalgasun Inscription: Edition of the Sogdian Version', Modern Asian Studies Review 11, 1-140.
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