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短頸龍屬

短颈龙属
化石时期:93–89.3 Ma
企圖捕抓黃昏鳥的短頸龍
科学分类 编辑
界: 动物界 Animalia
门: 脊索动物门 Chordata
纲: 爬行綱 Reptilia
目: 蛇頸龍目 Plesiosauria
科: 上龍科 Pliosauridae
演化支 海猎龙类 Thalassophonea
亚科: 短颈龙亚科 Brachaucheninae
属: 短颈龙属 Brachauchenius
Williston, 1903[1]
模式種
Brachauchenius lucasi
Williston, 1903[1]

短頸龍屬(屬名:Brachauchenius)是種上龍類,生存於白堊紀美國哥倫比亞,約9000萬年前。短頸龍是已知北美洲最後出現的上龍類,估计身長約6至9公尺。

模式種B. lucasi,生存於北美洲西部內陸海道,年代為白堊紀土侖階,約9350萬到8930萬年前。一個年代較古老的標本,發現於哥倫比亞的巴列姆階;在非菱龍科的上龍類中,巴列姆階與歐特里夫階之間有個化石紀錄的斷層,短頸龍是斷層後第一個出現的非菱龍科的上龍類[2]

模式標本(編號USNM 4989)是由查爾斯·斯騰伯格(Charles H. Sternberg)在1884年發現於堪薩斯州渥太華縣[3][4]。頭顱骨長度約90公分。

短頸龍是由塞繆爾·溫德爾·威利斯頓(S.W. Williston)在1907年命名[1][5]。在1952年,喬治·史登柏格(George F. Sternberg)在堪薩斯州拉塞爾縣的Fairport黏土層,發現一個更大的標本(編號FHSM VP-321),頭骨長度為1.7公尺,由肯尼思·卡彭特(K. Carpenter)敘述[6]。在2005年,兩位科學家鑑定出這兩個堪薩斯州標本的地質年代[7]。短頸龍的頭骨長度為90公分,身長約10公呎。短頸龍是已知北美洲最晚出現的上龍類。

參考資料

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  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Williston SW. 1903. North American plesiosaurs. Field Columbian Museum, Pub. 73, Geological Series 2 (1):1-79. (29 plates)
  2. ^ Hampe O. 2005. Considerations on a Brachauchenius skeleton (Pliosauroidea) from the lower Paja Formation (late Barremian) of Villa de Leyva area (Colombia). Fossil Record - Mitteilungen aus dem Museum für Naturkunde in Berlin 8 (1): 37-51.
  3. ^ Everhart MJ. 2005. Oceans of Kansas - A Natural History of the Western Interior Sea. Indiana University Press, 320 pp. ISBN 780253345479 )).
  4. ^ Everhart MJ. 2007. Historical note on the 1884 discovery of Brachauchenius lucasi (Plesiosauria; Pliosauridae) in Ottawa County, Kansas. Kansas Academy of Science, Transactions 110 (3/4): 255-258.
  5. ^ Williston SW. 1907. The skull of Brachauchenius, with special observations on the relationships of the plesiosaurs. United States National Museum Proceedings 32: 477-489. (pls. 34-37)
  6. ^ Carpenter K. 1996. A Review of short-necked plesiosaurs from the Cretaceous of the western interior, North America. Neues Jahbruch für Geol. Palaont. Abh. (Stuttgart) 201 (2): 259-287.
  7. ^ Schumacher BA, Everhart MJ. 2005. A stratigraphic and taxonomic review of plesiosaurs from the old “Fort Benton Group” of central Kansas: A new assessment of old records. Paludicola 5 (2): 33-54.

外部連結

[编辑]

Oceans of Kansas Paleontology页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆

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短頸龍屬
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