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瓦伊語

瓦伊語
ꕙꔤ
区域賴比瑞亞塞拉利昂
母语使用人数
119,500[1]
語系
尼日尔-剛果語系
  • 曼德語族
    • 西曼德語支
      • 中部及西南部曼德語支
        • 中部曼德語支
          • Manding-Jɔgɔ languages
            • Manding-Vai languages
              • Vai-Kono languages
                • 瓦伊語
語言代碼
ISO 639-3vai

瓦伊語ꕙꔤ)是曼德語族的一个分支,由瓦伊人使用的语言。在賴比瑞亞塞拉利昂的使用人數分別約有104,000和15,500[1],是撒哈拉以南少數有文字系統的非洲語言之一。 该语言拥有一套特有的书写系统:由Momolu Duwalu Bukele英语Momolu Duwalu Bukele于1833年创建的瓦伊音节文字(le syllabaire vaï)。

發音學

瓦伊語是聲調語言,有12個元音和31個輔音

元音

  口腔 鼻化
i u ĩ ũ
半閉 e o ɛ̃ ɔ̃
半開 ɛ ɔ
a ã

輔音

唇音 齒齦 齦後
硬顎
軟顎 圓唇軟顎 喉音
塞音
塞擦音
清音 p t t͡ʃ k k͡p
濁音 b d d͡ʒ ɡ ɡ͡b
前鼻音 ɲd͡ʒ ŋɡ ŋ͡mɡ͡b
內爆音 ɓ ɗ
前鼻音化內爆音 mɓ nɗ
擦音 清音 f s (ʃ) h
濁音 v z
鼻音 m n ɲ ŋ
近音 l j w
顫音 (r)

[r][ʃ]只出現在新增的外來語。

附加符號

Symbol Function[2]
音節結尾 ŋ
元音延長符號

文字

1830年發明了一套音節文字。字符表如下:

  e i a o u ɔ ɛ
‑̃
ŋ‑̃    
h‑
h‑̃    
w‑
w‑̃
p‑
b‑
ɓ‑
mɓ‑
kp‑
kp‑̃    
mgb‑
gb‑
gb‑̃  
f‑
v‑
t‑
θ‑
d‑
ð‑
l‑
r‑
ɗ‑
nɗ‑
s‑
ʃ‑
z‑
ʒ‑
tʃ‑
dʒ‑
ndʒ‑
j‑
k‑
k‑̃    
ŋg‑
ŋg‑̃  
g‑
g‑̃  
m‑
n‑
ɲ‑
  e i a o u ɔ ɛ

參考文獻

  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 Ethnologue report for Vai. [2010-04-09]. (原始内容存档于2012-10-10). 
  2. ^ ISO/IEC JTC1/SC2/WG2 N2948R: Proposal to add the Vai script to the BMP of the UCS (PDF). [22 February 2012]. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2021-01-26). 

外部連結

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瓦伊語
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