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牙齦膿腫

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牙齒膿腫
Dental abscess
一個合併蛀牙斷裂英语dental trauma的牙齒正遭遇牙髓壞死英语necrotic pulp(漸漸死去的牙髓)。 圖片中是一個被診斷為牙齦膿腫(periapical abscess)的牙齒(牙根頂部的周遭),已經形成膿包,裡面的膿正透過口腔內的牙竇英语Intraoral dental sinus流到嘴巴。
类型牙科疾病膿瘡
分类和外部资源
醫學專科牙醫學
ICD-10K04.6, K04.7
ICD-9-CM522.5, 522.7
MeSHD010482 D005491, D010482
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牙齒膿腫(英文:dentoalveolar abscess)又稱為牙根膿腫、或牙槽膿腫,是指與牙齒相關的包。最常見的牙齒膿腫類型為牙根尖周圍膿腫(periapical abscess),其次是牙周膿腫英语periodontal abscess。牙齒膿腫通常起源於由蛀牙斷裂的牙齒英语dental trauma 及/或 牙周發炎(牙周病)導致之柔軟壞死的牙髓內的細菌感染累積。 失敗的根管治疗术(root canal treatment),也可能導致牙齒膿腫。

雖然齒源性感染英语odontogenic infection比較泛指那種已經擴散到受感染的牙齒(causative tooth)周遭的細菌感染,然而牙齒膿腫仍歸納於於齒源性感染之中。

治療

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治療牙齒膿腫最重要的就是減少和消除組織的發炎。因此牙醫師透過手術將牙齒中的膿包排出後,使用抗生素消炎是治療牙齦膿腫的方法之一。[1]對於已經廣泛擴散的急性牙齦膿腫,會建議醫生不要開立過多的抗生素處方,以防出現抗藥性[2][3]。2014年考科藍合作組織的文獻回顧結果認為,投予急性牙齦膿腫患者抗生素,可能有效的治療急性牙齦膿腫,但尚須更多的研究才足以確立此結論。[4]

參見

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參考文獻

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  1. ^ Dental abscess - Management. Clinical Knowledge Summaries. [2012-03-01]. (原始内容存档于2011-12-27). 
  2. ^ Dar-Odeh, Najla; Abu-Hammad; Al-Omiri; Khraisat; Shehabi. Antibiotic prescribing practices by dentists: a review. Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management. 2010-06 [2022-06-21]. ISSN 1178-203X. PMC 2909496可免费查阅. PMID 20668712. doi:10.2147/TCRM.S9736. (原始内容存档于2021-04-14) (英语). 
  3. ^ Oberoi, Sukhvinder S.; Dhingra, Chandan; Sharma, Gaurav; Sardana, Divesh. Antibiotics in dental practice: how justified are we. International Dental Journal. 2015-02, 65 (1) [2022-06-21]. ISSN 0020-6539. PMID 25510967. doi:10.1111/idj.12146. (原始内容存档于2019-09-13). 
  4. ^ Cope, Anwen; Francis, Nick; Wood, Fiona; Mann, Mala K.; Chestnutt, Ivor G. Systemic antibiotics for symptomatic apical periodontitis and acute apical abscess in adults. The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2014-06-26, (6) [2022-06-21]. ISSN 1469-493X. PMID 24967571. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD010136.pub2. (原始内容存档于2022-06-30). 

外部連結

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牙齦膿腫
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