For faster navigation, this Iframe is preloading the Wikiwand page for 灌木恐鳥屬.

灌木恐鳥屬

小灌木恐鳥
化石时期:更新世至全新世
全身骨架化石
絕滅(~1400s)
科学分类 编辑
界: 动物界 Animalia
门: 脊索动物门 Chordata
纲: 鸟纲 Aves
目: 恐鸟目 Dinornithiformes
科: 東部恐鳥科 Emeidae
属: 灌木恐鳥屬 Anomalopteryx
Reichenbach 1852
种:
小灌木恐鳥 A. didiformis
二名法
Anomalopteryx didiformis
(Owen 1844) Reichenbach 1853[1][2]
異名
  • Dinornis didiformis Owen, 1844
  • Anomalopteryx didiformis (Owen 1844) Lydekker 1891
  • Anomalornis didiformis (Owen 1844) Hutton 1897
  • Dinornis dromioides Owen, 1846 non Oliver 1930
  • Anomalopteryx dromaeoides (Owen 1846) Lydekker 1891
  • Dinornis parvus Owen, 1883
  • Anomalopteryx parva (Owen 1883) Lydekker 1891
  • Dinornis oweni Haast, 1886
  • Anomalornis owenii (Haast 1886) Hutton 1897
  • Pachyornis owenii (Haast 1886) Archey 1941
  • Anomalopteryx oweni (Haast 1886) Oliver 1949
  • Anomalopteryx antiquus Hutton, 1892 (may be a valid predecessor species)
  • Anomalopteryx fortis Hutton, 1893
  • Anomalornis gracilis Hutton 1897 non Dinornis gracilis Owen 1854
  • Anomalornis (Hutton, 1897)
  • Graya (Bonaparte, 1956)

灌木恐鳥屬學名Anomalopteryx)為已滅絕恐鳥,屬東部恐鳥科英语Emeidae

描述

[编辑]

灌木恐鳥為目前已知體型最小的恐鳥,僅較火雞略大,體重約為30公斤(66英磅)[3]。和其他恐鳥一樣,牠們的胸骨不具有龍骨突,並具有形狀獨特的[4]。灌木恐鳥主要分布於紐西蘭北島,並包含小部分的南島。牠們主要棲息於茂密的低地針葉林、南青岡科為主的闊葉林、以及灌木林地[3][4]。灌木恐鳥具有結實而邊緣銳利的鳥喙,這意味著牠們主要以樹枝及其他堅硬的植物組織為食[3]

威脅與滅絕

[编辑]

會以灌木恐鳥為食的掠食者包括哈斯特鷹艾氏鷂英语Eyles's harrier[3],牠們皆約於500-600年前與許多其他紐西蘭的野生動物一同滅絕。500-600年前正好是毛利人登陸紐西蘭的時期,他們也帶入了玻里尼西亞犬英语Polynesian dog與他們一同生活[3]

殘餘遺骸

[编辑]

目前最完整的灌木恐鳥遺骸是在1980年於南地大區蒂阿瑙東部的回音谷發現,包括了仍然絞接在一起的骨架、木乃伊化的組織與羽毛[5],遺骸目前展示於因弗卡吉爾南地博物館及美術館英语Southland Museum and Art Gallery。1912年,於克利夫登英语Clevedon, New Zealand的一座沼澤中所出土的大部分恐鳥化石皆屬灌木恐鳥[6]

去滅絕的可能性

[编辑]

哈佛大學的科學家從灌木恐鳥的趾骨取得幾乎完整的基因序列[7][8],這讓這個物種離去滅絕更近了一步。科學家預期在之後使用鴯鶓作為代理孕母[7]

全身骨架化石

參考文獻

[编辑]
  1. ^ Brands, Sheila. Systema Naturae 2000 / Classification, Genus Anomalopteryx. Project: The Taxonomicon. Aug 14, 2008 [Feb 4, 2009]. [失效連結]
  2. ^ B.J. Gill; B.D. Bell; G.K. Chambers; D.G. Medway; R.L. Palma; R.P. Scofield; A.J.D. Tennyson & T.H. Worthy. Checklist of the Birds of New Zealand, Norfolk and Macquarie Islands, and the Ross Dependency, Antarctica (PDF) 4th. Wellington, NZ: Te Papa Press. 2010 [2023-03-08]. ISBN 978-1-877385-59-9. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2013-06-16). 
  3. ^ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 Little bush moa | New Zealand Birds Online. nzbirdsonline.org.nz. [2021-02-19]. (原始内容存档于2020-09-27). 
  4. ^ 4.0 4.1 Davies, S.J.J.F. Moas. Hutchins, Michael (编). Grzimek's Animal Life Encyclopedia. 8 Birds I Tinamous and Ratites to Hoatzins 2. Farmington Hills, MI: Gale Group: 95–98. 2003. ISBN 0-7876-5784-0. 
  5. ^ Forrest, R. M. A partially mummified skeleton of Anomalopteryx didiformis from Southland.. Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand (Royal Society of New Zealand). 1987, 17 (4): 399–408 [8 July 2015]. doi:10.1080/03036758.1987.10426481可免费查阅. 
  6. ^ Gill, B.J. HISTORICAL MOA BONE COLLECTIONS (AVES: DINORNITHIFORMES) AT AUCKLAND MUSEUM—CLEVEDON AND KIA ORA. Records of the Auckland Museum. 2003, 40: 39–53. ISSN 1174-9202. 
  7. ^ 7.0 7.1 Scientists reconstruct the genome of a moa, a bird extinct for 700 years. STAT. 2018-02-27 [2021-02-20]. (原始内容存档于2023-06-06) (美国英语). 
  8. ^ Anomalopteryx didiformis (ID 124) - Genome - NCBI. 

外部連結

[编辑]
{{bottomLinkPreText}} {{bottomLinkText}}
灌木恐鳥屬
Listen to this article

This browser is not supported by Wikiwand :(
Wikiwand requires a browser with modern capabilities in order to provide you with the best reading experience.
Please download and use one of the following browsers:

This article was just edited, click to reload
This article has been deleted on Wikipedia (Why?)

Back to homepage

Please click Add in the dialog above
Please click Allow in the top-left corner,
then click Install Now in the dialog
Please click Open in the download dialog,
then click Install
Please click the "Downloads" icon in the Safari toolbar, open the first download in the list,
then click Install
{{::$root.activation.text}}

Install Wikiwand

Install on Chrome Install on Firefox
Don't forget to rate us

Tell your friends about Wikiwand!

Gmail Facebook Twitter Link

Enjoying Wikiwand?

Tell your friends and spread the love:
Share on Gmail Share on Facebook Share on Twitter Share on Buffer

Our magic isn't perfect

You can help our automatic cover photo selection by reporting an unsuitable photo.

This photo is visually disturbing This photo is not a good choice

Thank you for helping!


Your input will affect cover photo selection, along with input from other users.

X

Get ready for Wikiwand 2.0 🎉! the new version arrives on September 1st! Don't want to wait?