For faster navigation, this Iframe is preloading the Wikiwand page for 溺灣.

溺灣

悉尼南部乔治斯河一帶的溺灣海岸

溺灣(英語:ria),又稱為谷灣,是海岸線地形的一種,屬沉水海岸英语Submergent coastline的一種型態。溺灣是一種狹長的楔形入海口,是由非冰河挖蝕、由河流自然侵蝕而成、原本與相連的開放性河谷,因陸地下沉或海平面上升之故,在局部沉沒至海中之後所形成的崎嶇海岸線。溺灣地形通常會保留沖積平原的部分地理特徵,例如樹幹狀或甚至枝晶狀英语Dendrite (crystal)的邊緣,但有時也會見到呈直線狀、沒有明顯分歧的外觀。[1][2]:360-364[3]

溺灣海岸(英語:ria coast)通常是由一系列方向平行的溺灣接連排列而成,兩兩相鄰的溺灣之間有比較明顯、向内陆延伸的山脊相隔。當陸地沉沒至海水中時,原本的河口沉入水中,山脊則成為伸入海中的狀地形,在海湾附近连成一片非常不规则的锯齿状海岸线。有部分地勢較高的山峰,會在離海岸一段距離之處冒出水面形成岛屿,因此在海岬外羅列數個帶狀分布的小島,是溺灣海岸常見的一種地理特徵。[1][2]:360-364[3]

亞洲地區幾個著名的溺湾地形包括了中國大陸廣東珠江口東側的大亞灣大鵬灣台灣北部的基隆港南方澳,或日本本州島日本海側的長崎港太平洋側的三陆海岸等。地質較古老的西歐地區大西洋岸也有不少溺灣地形,例如英國樸次茅斯港西班牙巴斯克地區。至於分別位在美國東西岸的契沙比克灣舊金山灣,也是象徵性的溺灣地形。

相關條目

[编辑]
  • 峽灣(Fjord):一種類似溺灣但生成原因不同的海岸型態。

參考文獻

[编辑]
  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 Bird, E.C.F. Coastal Geomorphology: An Introduction, 2nd ed. 英國西薩塞克斯郡: John Wiley and Sons Ltd. 2008年. 
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 Cotton, C. Rias sensu stricto and sensu lato. Geographical Journal. 1956, 122 (3). 
  3. ^ 3.0 3.1 Goudie, A. Encyclopedia of Geomorphology. 英國倫敦: Routledge. 2004年. 
{{bottomLinkPreText}} {{bottomLinkText}}
溺灣
Listen to this article

This browser is not supported by Wikiwand :(
Wikiwand requires a browser with modern capabilities in order to provide you with the best reading experience.
Please download and use one of the following browsers:

This article was just edited, click to reload
This article has been deleted on Wikipedia (Why?)

Back to homepage

Please click Add in the dialog above
Please click Allow in the top-left corner,
then click Install Now in the dialog
Please click Open in the download dialog,
then click Install
Please click the "Downloads" icon in the Safari toolbar, open the first download in the list,
then click Install
{{::$root.activation.text}}

Install Wikiwand

Install on Chrome Install on Firefox
Don't forget to rate us

Tell your friends about Wikiwand!

Gmail Facebook Twitter Link

Enjoying Wikiwand?

Tell your friends and spread the love:
Share on Gmail Share on Facebook Share on Twitter Share on Buffer

Our magic isn't perfect

You can help our automatic cover photo selection by reporting an unsuitable photo.

This photo is visually disturbing This photo is not a good choice

Thank you for helping!


Your input will affect cover photo selection, along with input from other users.

X

Get ready for Wikiwand 2.0 🎉! the new version arrives on September 1st! Don't want to wait?