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氫氧化鉛

氫氧化鉛
IUPAC名
Lead(II) hydroxide
别名 氫氧化鉛
plumbous hydroxide
识别
CAS号 19783-14-3  checkY
PubChem 9859601
ChemSpider 8035300
SMILES
 
  • [OH-].[OH-].[Pb+2]
InChI
 
  • 1/2H2O.Pb/h2*1H2;/q;;+2/p-2
InChIKey VNZYIVBHUDKWEO-NUQVWONBAE
性质
化学式 Pb(OH)2
摩尔质量 241.21 g/mol g·mol⁻¹
外观 白色無定形粉末或固體[1]
密度 7.41 g/cm3 [2]
熔点 135 °C (分解)
溶解性 0.0155 g/100 mL20 °C
溶度积Ksp 1.42 x 10-20
溶解性 溶解於稀;
不溶於丙酮乙酸
危险性
警示术语 R:R25
安全术语 S:S1/2 S20/21 S29/56 S45
欧盟分类 有毒 (T)
NFPA 704
0
2
0
 
相关物质
其他阴离子 氫氧化鈣氫氧化鐳氫氧化鈉氫氧化銫
若非注明,所有数据均出自标准状态(25 ℃,100 kPa)下。

氫氧化鉛,是一種無機化合物,其化學式為Pb(OH)2,是氫氧化物,由一個2價的2氫氧根離子(OH-)組成。氫氧化鉛是一種鉛鏽(其他還有:一氧化鉛二氧化鉛四氧化三鉛),氫氧化鉛常溫下為固體,外觀通常是白色的,當鉛放在水裡久了生鏽生成的鉛鏽含有氫氧化鉛

制備

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氫氧化鉛可以由氫氧化鈉氫氧化鉀硝酸铅反应制得[1]

Pb(NO3)2 + 2NaOH → Pb(OH)2 + 2NaNO3

中(要含)也會緩慢的生成氫氧化鉛,若至於碳酸水則會加快這個反應[3]

2Pb + O2 + 2H2O → 2Pb(OH)2

用其他方式制出的氫氧化鉛其純度都不高,會是一種混合物,含氫氧化鉛、氫氧化氧鉛、硝酸氫氧化鉛[來源請求]

性質

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氫氧化鉛是一種白色無定形粉末,兩性,它溶解在水中呈弱鹼性。它在脫水溫度130 °C145°C時會分解為一氧化鉛[1]

Pb(OH)2PbO + H2O

氫氧化鉛與二氧化碳反應會形成碳酸鉛

Pb(OH)2 + CO2 → PbCO3 + H2O

氫氧化鉛接觸酸會形成對應的鉛鹽(如接觸硫酸形成硫酸鉛、若接觸檸檬酸也會形成檸檬酸鉛、接觸硝酸則形成硝酸鉛)

Pb(OH)2 + H2SO4 → PbSO4 + 2H2O
3Pb(OH)2 + 2C6H8O7 → Pb3(C6H5O7)2 + 3H2O
Pb(OH)2 + 2HNO3 → Pb(NO3)2 + 2H2O

當它溶解於強鹼溶液的羥基形成一個複雜的離子[Pb(OH)4]2−、Pb4(OH)44+、Pb3(OH)42+、Pb6O(OH)64+.[4] 和形成铅酸盐[5][6]

參見

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參考文獻

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  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Pradyot Patnaik; Handbook of Inorganic Chemicals; ISBN 0-07-049439-8
  2. ^ Pradyot Patnaik. Handbook of Inorganic Chemicals. McGraw-Hill, 2002, ISBN 0070494398
  3. ^ Lenntech: Blei (Pb) und Wasser页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆
  4. ^ Von Egon Wiberg, Nils Wiberg, Arnold Frederick Holleman, "Inorganic Chemistry", Academic Press, 2001 (Google books)页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆).
  5. ^ Therald Moeller; Chemistry with inorganic qualitative analysis; ISBN 0125033508
  6. ^ Arnold F. Holleman, Nils Wiberg: Lehrbuch der Anorganischen Chemie页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆). 102. Auflage, de Gruyter, Berlin 2007, ISBN 978-3-11-017770-1
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氫氧化鉛
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