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氟硼酸硝酰

氟硼酸硝酰
别名 四氟硼酸硝酰、四氟硼酸硝
识别
CAS号 13826-86-3  checkY
SMILES
 
  • F[B-](F)(F)F.O=[N+]=O
性质
化学式 BNO2F4
摩尔质量 132.81 g·mol⁻¹
危险性
警示术语 R:R34、R42、R43
安全术语 S:S26、S36、S37、S39、S45
MSDS [1]
相关物质
其他阳离子 氟硼酸亚硝酰
氟硼酸铵
氟硼酸
若非注明,所有数据均出自标准状态(25 ℃,100 kPa)下。

氟硼酸硝酰是一种无机化合物,化学式NO
2
BF
4
,它是一种无色晶体,和水反应的产物有氢氟酸硝酸,因此必须在无水环境中使用。氟硼酸硝酰在很多有机溶剂中溶解性较差。

制备

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氟硼酸硝酰可由氟化氢三氟化硼硝酸五氧化二氮硝基甲烷溶液反应得到。[1]

硝酰氟三氟化硼的反应亦可得到氟硼酸硝酰:[2]

FNO2 + BF3 → NO2BF4

化学性质

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氟硼酸硝酰约240℃分解。[3]

它在有机化学上可以作为硝化的试剂,如:[4]

NO2+BF4- + ArH → ArNO2 + HF + BF3

它可以和乙酸反应:[5]

CH3COOH + NO2BF4 ⇌ CH3COONO2 + HF + BF3

应用

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氟硼酸硝酰可用于硝化反应,反应在低温(-40~0℃)进行,10~60分钟即可完成。[6]

参考文献

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  1. ^ Kenneth Schofield. Aromatic nitration. CUP Archive. 1980: 88. ISBN 0-521-23362-3. 
  2. ^ 项斯芬 等. 无机化学丛书 第四卷 氮 磷 砷分族. 科学出版社, 2012.3. pp 130. 7.4.2 硝酰卤化物
  3. ^ B20167 Nitronium tetrafluoroborate, 96%页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆). Alfa Aesar
  4. ^ George A. Olah, Subhash C. Narang, Judith A. Olah, et al. Recent aspects of nitration: New preparative methods and mechanistic studies (A Review)页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆). Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci, Jul. 1982. Vol.79 pp.4487-4494
  5. ^ 工业与实验室硝化. 北京市:化学工业出版社, 1984. pp 8
  6. ^ R.E. Olsen, D.W. Fish, E.E. Hamel. Sythetic Applications of Nitronium Tetrafluoroborate页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆). pp 43-55
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氟硼酸硝酰
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