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氟烷

氟烷
臨床資料
AHFS/Drugs.comMicromedex详细消费者药物信息
ATC碼
藥物動力學數據
药物代谢肝脏 (CYP2E1[1])
排泄途徑肾脏
识别信息
  • 2-Bromo-2-chloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane
  • 2-溴-2-氯-1,1,1-三氟乙烷
CAS号151-67-7  checkY
PubChem CID
IUPHAR/BPS
DrugBank
ChemSpider
UNII
KEGG
ChEBI
ChEMBL
CompTox Dashboard英语CompTox Chemicals Dashboard (EPA)
ECHA InfoCard100.005.270 編輯維基數據鏈接
化学信息
化学式C2HBrClF3
摩尔质量197.381 g/mol
3D模型(JSmol英语JSmol
  • C(C(F)(F)F)(Cl)Br
  • InChI=1S/C2HBrClF3/c3-1(4)2(5,6)7/h1H checkY
  • Key:BCQZXOMGPXTTIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N checkY

氟烷(英語:Halothane,商品名:Fluothane),分子式为C2HBrClF3,是唯一一种含有溴原子的吸入性全身麻醉剂。它是一种无色的、有令人愉快气味的液体,在光照的环境下不稳定,需在深色瓶中储存并加入0.01%的百里酚作为稳定剂。氟烷已被列入世界卫生组织基本药物标准清单[2]

历史

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1951年,英國帝国化学工业有限公司的Charles Suckling首先合成出氟烷。1956年,M. Johnstone在曼彻斯特首次将氟烷用于临床,此后由于氟烷不易燃,临床使用上比易燃的吸入性全身麻醉剂乙醚环丙烷更安全,所以迅速替代乙醚和环丙烷成为临床使用更受欢迎的吸入性全身麻醉剂

合成方法

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工业上以三氯乙烯为原料。先在130℃的条件下,用路易斯酸三氯化锑催化氟化氢对三氯乙烯的加成反应得到合成中间体2-氯-1,1,1-三氟乙烷,接着2-氯-1,1,1-三氟乙烷在450℃的高温下与单质发生取代反应得到氟烷[3]

参考资料

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  1. ^ DrugBank: DB01159 (Halothane). [2012-08-03]. (原始内容存档于2021-08-29). 
  2. ^ WHO Model List of Essential Medicines (PDF). World Health Organization. March 2011 [2011-08-22]. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2011-11-25). 
  3. ^ US granted 2921098,Suckling et al.,「PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF 1,1,1-TRIFLUORO-2-BROMO-2-CHLOROETHANE」,发表于1958-06-30,发行于January 1960,指定于Imperial Chemical Industries 

拓展阅读

[编辑]
  • Atkinson, Rushman, Lee. A Synopsis of Anaesthesia. 1987.
  • Eger, Eisenkraft, Weiskopf. The Pharmacology of Inhaled Anesthetics. 2003.
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氟烷
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