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步人甲

步人甲中國宋朝重步兵铠甲,在《武经总要》中提及。1134年所规定的步人甲由1825张甲叶连缀而成,重达29公斤,被认为是世界上最重的盔甲,同时可通过增加甲叶数量来提高防护力,但是重量会进一步上升。为此,皇帝亲自赐命,规定步兵铠甲以29.8KG为限。此后,又把长枪手的铠甲重量定为32-35KG;由于弓箭手经常卷入近战格斗,其铠甲定为 28-33KG;而弩射手的铠甲定为22-27KG。

根据《武经总要》记载,北宋步人甲由铁质甲叶用皮条或甲钉连缀而成,属于典型的札甲。

绍兴十年前后,是宋朝军队最强大的时期。名将岳飞、韩世忠等,率领以铁甲、长枪强弩为主要装备的重步兵,以密集阵型屡屡击败金朝骑兵。

包括兵器在内,当时宋军重步兵的负荷高达40-50KG,由于装备过重,机动性受到影响, 如绍兴十一年(1141)的柘皋战役,以步兵为主力的宋军,由于身被重甲,加上过于长大的兵器,负荷过重,因此未能全歼已溃不成军的金朝骑兵。

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步人甲
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