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楚頃襄王

楚頃襄王
君主
統治前298年—前263年
儲君太子完
出生前329年
逝世前263年
子嗣楚考烈王
父親楚怀王
母親鄭袖

楚頃襄王(前329年—前263年),簡稱楚頃王楚襄王,又作楚庄王(与其远祖楚庄王有别)[1]姓,氏,名楚懷王之子,生母為鄭袖

簡介

楚懷王二十七年(前315年),在秦國人質的楚太子橫在私鬥中殺死一個秦大夫,逃回楚國[2]

楚懷王二十八年(前301年),秦國報復,與齊國韓國魏國聯盟攻打楚國,殺敗楚將唐眛,奪走重丘[2][3]

楚懷王二十九年(前300年),秦國再次派兵攻打楚國,殺敗楚將景缺[2]。楚懷王因恐懼秦國武力,派遣太子橫到齐国人質[2]

楚懷王三十年(前299年),楚懷王因故被秦国扣留後,齊湣王讓太子橫返回楚國,楚人立太子橫為王,是為楚頃襄王。

楚頃襄王元年(前298年),秦國知道楚國另立新君後,發兵攻楚,大敗楚軍,斬首五萬,取十六城[4]

楚頃襄王在位期間,淫乐无度,“群臣相妒以功,谄谀用事”。

楚頃襄王十九年(前280年),秦伐楚,楚軍敗,割上庸、漢北地予秦。

次年秦分兵两路攻楚,一路由武安君白起率军攻陷楚之邓城后,向鄢(今湖北宜城东南)进逼;另一路由秦蜀郡守张若率水陆之军东下,向楚国的巫郡及江南地进军。白起圍攻鄢,鄢之战,楚國軍民数十万人被溺死,當時白起引西山长谷水,水溃城东北角,“百姓随水流,死于城东者数十万,城东皆臭,因名其陂为臭池。”(《水经注·沔水》)

秦昭襄王詐以公主許配給楚頃襄王,屈原長跪城外力諫不果。秦軍趁頃襄王開城迎親,長驅直進,[來源請求]攻入楚都,時為前278年。屈原投河自盡。頃襄王其後遷都于陳,楚國西北领土盡失。前263年秋,頃襄王去世。

骆科强《昌平君和昌文君事迹辨析及其身份推测》认为昌平君昌文君可能是楚顷襄王的庶子。


影視作品

参考文献

  1. ^ 《战国策·楚策四》:“庄辛对楚襄王说……”。高诱注《荀子》及金正炜《战国策补释》:“庄辛对楚庄王说……”
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 《史記》: 三家註
  3. ^ 資治通鑑周紀三赧王十四年》:秦庶長奐會韓、魏、齊兵伐楚,敗其師於重丘,殺其將唐昧;遂取重丘。
  4. ^ 《史記: 三家註》,則記載為十五城。
前任:
楚懷王
楚國君主
前298年—前263年
繼任:
楚考烈王
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楚頃襄王
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