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星形截角截半立方體

星形截角截半立方體
星形截角截半立方體
類別均勻星形多面體
對偶多面體大四角化菱形十二面體英语Great disdyakis dodecahedron
識別
名稱星形截角截半立方體
stellatruncated cuboctahedron
great truncated cuboctahedron
quasitruncated cuboctahedron
參考索引U20, C67, W93
鮑爾斯縮寫
verse-and-dimensions的wikiaBowers acronym
quitco在维基数据编辑
性質
26
72
頂點48
歐拉特徵數F=26, E=72, V=48 (χ=2)
組成與佈局
面的種類12個正方形
8個正六邊形
6個八角星
頂點圖4.6/5.8/3
對稱性
對稱群Oh, [4,3], (*432)
圖像
立體圖
4.6/5.8/3
頂點圖

大四角化菱形十二面體英语Great disdyakis dodecahedron
對偶多面體

星形截角截半立方體(stellatruncated cuboctahedron)是指經過星形截角截半立方體,又稱為大截角截半立方體(great truncated cuboctahedron)。星形截角截半立方體是一種非凸均勻多面體,由26個、72條和48個頂點組成[1][2],具有八面體群對稱性[1]對偶多面體大四角化菱形十二面體英语Great disdyakis dodecahedron[3]

性質

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星形截角截半立方體共由26個、72條和48個頂點組成,在其48個面中,有12個正方形、8個正六邊形和6個八角星,其中八角星的種類與星形截角立方體的八角星面相同,皆為施萊夫利符號記為{8/3}的八角星;[4]:145星形截角截半立方體的6個八角星面與正八面體6個頂點面排列相同。12個正方形面中每3個正方形互相交叉並產生三角形的開口,每個正方形面皆有2次這種相交。這些三角形開口的側面是彼此互相相交的六邊形面。[4]:145

在構成星形截角截半立方體的48個頂點中,每個頂點都是八角星、正方形和正六邊形的公共頂點,在頂點佈局中可以用8/3,4,6來表示。[5]

分類

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由於星形截角截半立方體的頂點圖為不等邊三角形且具備點可遞的特性,同時,其存在自相交的面,並可以透過星形正多面體進行廣義截角來構造,因此星形截角截半立方體是一種自相交截角擬正多面體(Self-Intersecting Truncated Quasi-Regular Polyhedra)。自相交截角擬正多面體一共有五種,分別為立方截角立方八面體星形截角截半立方體二十面截角十二面十二面體截角截半大十二面體大截角截半二十面體[6]這些立體由阿爾伯特·巴杜羅(Albert Badoureau)和約翰·皮奇(Johann Pitsch)於1881年發現並描述。[7][8]

尺寸

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若星形截角截半立方體的邊長為單位長,則其48個頂點為的全排列[9],共6組,每組正負號組合共8個。[10]

以這些頂點構成的星形截角截半立方體,外接球半徑為:[11]

二面角

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若星形截角截半立方體有三種二面角,分別為六邊形和正方形的二面角、八角星和六邊形的二面角以及八角星和正方形的二面角。[12]

其中,六邊形和正方形的二面角的值為三分之六平方根的反餘弦值,約35.26度:[12]

八角星和六邊形的二面角的值為三分之三平方根的反餘弦值,約54.7度:[12]

八角星和正方形的二面角的值為負二分之二平方根的反餘弦值,為135度:[12]

凸包

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星形截角截半立方體的凸包是一種非均勻的大斜方截半立方體。其包含了兩種不同的邊長,比例為[13]

正交投影

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相關多面體

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星形截角截半立方體與大斜方截半立方體拓樸同構。若將星形截角截半立方體的八角星面替換成八邊形面,就會轉變成大斜方截半立方體。[9]

參見

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參考文獻

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  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 Maeder, Roman. 20: great truncated cuboctahedron. MathConsult. [2021-09-11]. (原始内容存档于2020-02-17). 
  2. ^ Jonathan Bowers. Polyhedron Category 5: Omnitruncates. polytope.net. 2012 [2021-09-11]. (原始内容存档于2018-07-02). quasitruncated cuboctahedron. Symbol is xx"x. Faces are 6 octagrams, 8 hexagons, and 12 squares 
  3. ^ Weisstein, Eric W. (编). Great Disdyakis Dodecahedron. at MathWorld--A Wolfram Web Resource. Wolfram Research, Inc. (英语). 
  4. ^ 4.0 4.1 Wenninger, M.J. Polyhedron Models. Cambridge University Press. 1974 [2021-09-05]. ISBN 9780521098595. LCCN 69010200. (原始内容存档于2021-08-31). 
  5. ^ Klitzing, Richard. Axial-Symmetrical Edge-Facetings of Uniform Polyhedra. tic. 2002, 2 (4): 3. 
  6. ^ David I. McCooey. Self-Intersecting Truncated Quasi-Regular Polyhedra. [2022-08-19]. (原始内容存档于2022-02-14). 
  7. ^ Jean Paul Albert Badoureau. Mémoire sur les Figures Isocèles. Journal de l'École polytechnique. 1881, (49): 47–172. 
  8. ^ Johann Pitsch. Über Halbreguläre Sternpolyeder. Zeitschrift für das Realschulwesen. 1881, (6): 9–24, 64–65, 72–89, 216. 
  9. ^ 9.0 9.1 Klitzing, Richard. quasitruncated cuboctahedron, great truncated cuboctahedron, stellatruncated cuboctahedron : quitco. bendwavy.org. [2021-09-05]. (原始内容存档于2021-01-23). 
  10. ^ David I. McCooey. Data of Great Truncated Cuboctahedron. dmccooey.com. [2021-09-05]. (原始内容存档于2021-09-11). 
  11. ^ Weisstein, Eric W. (编). Great Truncated Cuboctahedron. at MathWorld--A Wolfram Web Resource. Wolfram Research, Inc. (英语). 
  12. ^ 12.0 12.1 12.2 12.3 David I. McCooey. Self-Intersecting Truncated Quasi-Regular Polyhedra: Great Truncated Cuboctahedron. dmccooey.com. [2021-09-05]. (原始内容存档于2018-03-13). 
  13. ^ Klitzing, Richard. variation of girco, hull of quitco : q3x4x. bendwavy.org. [2021-09-05]. (原始内容存档于2016-07-09). 
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星形截角截半立方體
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