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御盆

幕末期的盂蘭盆節,《日本的禮儀與習慣概略》,1867年出版

御盆(日语:お盆おぼん Obon)是日本傳統節日,即當地的中元節與盂蘭盆節。日本在飞鸟时代传入佛教的盂蘭盆節,後來與當地民俗的祖先崇拜結合,具有獨特的慶祝方式。

明治維新前,日本人在農曆七月十三十六日進行,明治維新後,部份地區改為公曆7月13至16日,也有些地區改為8月13至16日,接近舊曆的日子。

日本人对盂兰盆节很重视,现已成为仅次于元旦的重要节日,企业公司一般都会放假一週左右,称为「盆休」(お盆休み),很多出门在外工作的日本人都选择利用这个假期返乡团聚祭祖,此时是長途交通的尖峰時期東京大阪等大都市街道多显冷清,類似漢字文化圈的清明節。1985年8月12日日本航空123號班機墜毀時正值盂蘭盆節,機上大多數乘客即為返鄉的人流。一般是十三日前扫墓,十三日接先人鬼魂,十六日送。日本人在此節日會準備一種名為「精靈馬」(精霊馬)的供品,象徵迎接及恭送祖先。[1]

日本此時也有送盂蘭礼物的习惯,各地方都會舉行盂蘭盆會,會上眾人聚集,跳一種名曰「盆踊」的舞蹈,專注於手部動作。

參見

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參考資料

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參考文獻

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  • Marinus Willem de Visser: Ancient Buddhism in Japan – Sutras and Ceremonies in Use in the 7th and 8th Centuries A.D. and their History in Later Times页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆). 2 volumes, Paul Geuthner, Paris 1928-1931; Brill, Leiden 1935, pp 58-115
  • Robert J. Smith: Ancestor Worship in Contemporary Japan, Stanford University Press, Stanford, California 1974. ISBN 0-8047-0873-8
  • Ensho Ashikaga (1950), The Festival for the Spirits of the Dead in Japan, Western Folklore 9 (3), 217-228  – 通过JSTOR 需付费查阅页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆

外部連結

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御盆
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