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拓跋孤.
拓跋孤(?—?),鮮卑名烏孤[1],中國南北朝時期北魏平文帝拓跋鬱律第四子,烈帝拓跋翳槐、昭成帝拓跋什翼犍及拓跋屈之弟,太祖時期追封高涼王,諡號神武。
生平
拓跋孤多才多藝,有志氣謀略。338年,拓跋翳槐去世,遺命立遠在後趙襄國為人質的二弟拓跋什翼犍繼位為代王,群臣皆以新近有大事故,拓跋什翼犍未必可以回來繼位,惟恐衍生變詐,認為應先立年長的君主替代。拓跋什翼犍三弟拓跋屈為人剛猛而為人多變,並不如拓跋孤為人寬和柔順。於是大人梁蓋等殺死拓跋屈,共推舉拓跋孤繼位。拓跋孤曰:「吾兄居長,自應繼位,我安可越次而處大業。」所以便親自走去鄴奉迎拓跋什翼犍,請以自己留在後趙為質,石虎見其義而放還拓跋什翼犍。拓跋什翼犍即位後,所以便分封國土一半給拓跋孤。
其後拓跋孤薨,其子拓跋斤正為了不能繼其父之職而心懷怨恨,因而欺騙什翼犍之庶長子拓跋寔君將為兄弟所害,拓跋寔君因此盡殺兄弟及拓跋什翼犍。前秦趁代國大亂的機會發動攻擊,代國遂滅。道武帝拓跋珪即位時,以拓跋孤功勳彌高,追封為高涼王,諡「神武」。
家庭
子
- 拓跋斤,欺騙什翼犍之庶長子拓跋寔君將為兄弟所害,拓跋寔君因此盡殺兄弟及拓跋什翼犍。
孫
- 拓跋樂真,拓跋斤子,先襲封高涼王,後轉封為平陽王。
- 拓跋度,松滋武侯,位比部尚書。
曾孫
- 拓跋禮,拓跋樂真子,襲封高涼懿王。
- 拓跋陵,拓跋樂真子,賜爵襄邑男。進爵為子。
- 拓跋乙斤,拓跋度子,襄陽景侯。
後代
- 拓跋那,拓跋禮子,官至中都大官、儀同三司,爵封高涼王。
- 拓跋紇,拓跋那子,紹封高涼王。
- 元大曹,拓跋紇子,太原郡公。
- 拓跋平,字楚國,拓跋乙斤子,襲封松滋侯,以軍功賜艾陵男。
- 元萇,拓跋平子,襲封松滋成侯。歷位度支尚書、侍中、雍州刺史。
参考
- 《魏書卷十四·列傳第二 神元平文諸帝子孫》
- 《北史卷十五·列傳第三 魏諸宗室》
- ^ 《元和姓纂·卷四》:文帝鬱律生烏孤。
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