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急性辐射综合症

急性辐射综合症
类型中毒radiation sickness[*]
分类和外部资源
醫學專科急診醫學
ICD-10T66
ICD-9-CM990
MedlinePlus000026
eMedicinearticle/834015
MeSHD011832
Orphanet454831
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急性辐射综合症,也被称为辐射毒害[1]辐射中毒辐射病缩写ARS),是一种患者在24小时内暴露于大剂量的游离辐射下导致的症候群,症状可持续多达数个月。[2][3] 本术语意指急性医疗问题,而不是产生于长期辐射暴露的慢性辐射综合症[4][5][6]

发病和症状类型取决于患者的辐射暴露情况。剂量较小的辐射对消化系统产生影响,比如恶心,呕吐,血指数下降的相关症状如感染和出血。大剂量的照射会导致神经系统损伤症状和快速死亡。治疗急性辐射综合症的一般方法为输血和抗生素。[2]

引发慢性辐射综合症的低剂量辐射,虽不能导致急性综合症,但经年累月的照射下也可能出现类似的症状。[7] 辐射暴露同时也会提升某些其他疾病的罹患機率,比如癌症[8] 这些疾病有时也被作为辐射病来提及,但它们从不被包含在急性辐射综合症中。

参见

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参考资料

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  1. ^ radiation poisoning. 國家教育研究院. [2020-09-26]. [失效連結]
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 Donnelly EH, Nemhauser JB, Smith JM; et al. Acute radiation syndrome: assessment and management. South. Med. J. June 2010, 103 (6): 541–6. PMID 20710137. doi:10.1097/SMJ.0b013e3181ddd571. 
  3. ^ Xiao M, Whitnall MH. Pharmacological countermeasures for the acute radiation syndrome. Curr Mol Pharmacol. January 2009, 2 (1): 122–33. PMID 20021452. doi:10.2174/1874467210902010122. 
  4. ^ Acute Radiation Syndrome. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2005-05-20. (原始内容存档于2015-12-04). 
  5. ^ Acute Radiation Syndrome (PDF). National Center for Environmental Health/Radiation Studies Branch. 2002-04-09 [2009-06-22]. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2009-02-25). 
  6. ^ Acute Radiation Syndrome: A Fact Sheet for Physicians. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2005-03-18. (原始内容存档于2006-07-16). 
  7. ^ Reeves GI, Ainsworth EJ. Description of the chronic radiation syndrome in humans irradiated in the former Soviet Union. Radiat. Res. May 1995, 142 (2): 242–3. PMID 7724741. doi:10.2307/3579035. 
  8. ^ 伍浩松. 任何辐射都可能导致癌症. 国外核新闻. 2006, 7: 22. 

延伸阅读

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外部链接

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急性辐射综合症
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