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非游離輻射

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非电离辐射的標誌。

非游離輻射(英語:Non-ionizing radiation)是指波長较长、頻率较低、能量低的射線粒子(主要是光子)或的双重形式)或电磁波。輻射可分為游離輻射和非游離輻射,非游離輻射无法從(绝大多数)原子分子裡面游離(ionize)出電子[1]

分类

非游離輻射包括

有熱效應非游離輻射:會產生溫度變化
無熱效應非游離輻射:不會產生溫度變化

(详见相关条目)

学科分类上,研究红外线及波长更短的一般称为光学,研究电磁波的为电磁学

分类 波长 频率 光子能量
紫外线 400 nm~10 nm 0.75PHz~30PHz 3.1eV~124eV
可见光 700 nm~400 nm 0.43PHz~0.75PHz 1eV ~ 3.1eV
红外线 1 mm~700 nm 430THz~300 GHz 1.24meV~1eV
無線電波 >1 mm < 300 GHz <1.24meV

产生

任何温度高于热力学温度0K的物质都会发射红外线。变化的电场或磁场可以发射电磁波辐射。

传播

非游離輻射可以在介质或真空中传播。真空中非游離輻射皆以直线传播,穿过不同介质时会发生折射反射

应用

  • 通讯
  • 光合作用
  • 传输能量

参见

外部链接

参考文献

  1. ^ Ionizing & Non-Ionizing Radiation. Environmental Protection Agency. 16 July 2014 [October 12, 2020]. (原始内容存档于11 July 2014). 


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非游離輻射
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