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德清窑

东晋德清窑黑釉鸡首壶

德清窯東晉南朝中國南方自成系統的民窯。該窯不見於記載,其來源可以上溯至東漢,成熟的燒製技術則始於東晉,在南朝衰落,僅有百餘年的生產歷史。此後在週邊地區雖有延續,但品質每況愈下,至末徹底消失。德清窯分佈很廣,核心窯址位於浙江省湖州市德清縣[1]。德清窯主要出產黑色陶瓷,兼燒青瓷,是已知的最早燒製黑瓷的窯場之一,在中國青瓷的發展史上有重要的意義。德清黑瓷釉色上佳者色如黑漆,釉面瑩潤。

陶瓷特色

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  • 造型古樸,比例勻稱。
  • 德清黑瓷的燒製溫度已經很高,因此素胎的瓷化程度較高,已達到了現代工業要求的結晶標準。
  • 釉料製作精良,經過化驗含有8%的三氧化二鐵,故而在燒成後,釉面色黑如漆,有細小開片。同時因為高溫熔融狀態下釉層垂流,釉面在底部有堆積現象。

參考資料

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註釋

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  1. ^ 馮先銘主編,《中國陶瓷》,365至366頁,上海古籍出版社,2001年,ISBN 7-5325-3001-9 (简体中文)
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德清窑
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