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彝剧.
彝剧,是产生于云南楚雄彝族自治州的一个地方民族剧种[1]。
它来源于彝族古老的说唱艺术,并融汇了滇剧、花灯戏等地方剧种。彝剧音乐由彝族流行的山歌小调、舞曲和乐器形成唱腔,称为山歌体[2]。表演采用“叠脚”等民族舞蹈的舞步、身段,具有浓郁的地方特点和民族色彩。
彝剧表演还未形成一套完整的程式,也没有严格的区分,最初是以模拟某些生活动作和动物特征的简单表演,后又从毕摩(彝族祭司)祭祀和唱《梅葛》的动作、声调、表情中吸收一些表演技巧,再从“打跳”中提取某些身段、步伐,变成节奏性和舞蹈性较强的表演技巧,发展为以歌、舞、乐、剧结合的表现形式,散发着浓郁的民族生活气息和鲜明的民族特点。主要代表剧目有《半夜羊叫》、《曼嫫与玛若》、《歌场两家亲》、《查德恩达》、《银锁》、《掌火人》等[3]。
1986年彝剧正式定名,主要流传在峨山、新平、元江等县彝族聚居地,也有小型节目演出。1989年,李长明编演的《外乡人》等剧目,从剧本、音乐、表演、舞台美术等方面都向戏曲化迈入,特别是《荞花又开》,以及1995年宋佳良等创作演出的《赶羊调》等剧目为主要代表。1985年楚雄州彝剧团参加云南省第二届民族戏剧汇演,演出了《银锁》、《蔑独尼闹店》(后改为《闹店》)、《跳歌场上》、《春荡彝山》4个彝剧。其中《闹店》剧本,曾被《剧本》月刊刊出,并在全国的民族题材戏剧创作评奖活动中荣获银奖[4]。
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| 民间文学 | |
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| 传统音乐 |
- 傈僳族民歌
- 哈尼族多声部民歌
- 彝族海菜腔
- 姚安坝子腔
- 彝族酒歌
- 布朗族民歌
- 妙善学女子洞经音乐
- 弥渡民歌
- 纳西族白沙细乐
- 剑川白曲
- 独龙族民歌
- 阿数瑟
- 宣抚司礼仪舞乐
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| 传统舞蹈 |
- 迪庆锅庄舞
- 热巴舞注
- 沧源佤族木鼓舞
- 文山壮族、彝族铜鼓舞
- 傣族孔雀舞
- 傈僳族阿尺木刮
- 彝族葫芦笙舞
- 彝族烟盒舞
- 基诺大鼓舞
- 傣族象脚鼓舞
- 彝族打歌
- 彝族跳菜
- 彝族老虎笙
- 彝族左脚舞
- 乐作舞
- 阿细跳月
- 撒尼大三弦
- 纳西族热美蹉
- 布朗族蜂桶鼓舞
- 普米族搓蹉
- 拉祜族芦笙舞
- 棕扇舞
- 耳子歌
- 铓鼓舞
- 水鼓舞
- 怒族达比亚舞
- 傣族白象、马鹿舞
- 四筒鼓舞
- 彝族花鼓舞
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| 传统戏剧 |
- 壮剧注
- 傣剧
- 腾冲皮影戏
- 滇剧
- 佤族清戏
- 彝剧
- 白剧
- 关索戏
- 昭通端公戏
- 白族吹吹腔
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| 曲艺 | |
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| 传统体育 游艺与杂技 | |
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| 传统美术 |
- 纳西族东巴画
- 傣族剪纸
- 彝族(撒尼)刺绣
- 白族民居彩绘
- 腾冲玉雕
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| 传统技艺 | |
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| 传统医药 | |
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| 民俗 | |
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