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平面正方形分子构型

在化學上,平面正方形構型指的是一個分子裏,中心原子連著四個配體基團,而形成正方形,鍵角為九十度的分子構型,四個配體或基團跟中心原子需要在同一平面上。

平面正方形分子构型
平面正方形分子构型
舉例XeF4, PtCl2−
4
點群D4h
空間位數(({Electron_direction))}
配位数4
鍵角90°
極性(μ)0

例子

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配離子多爲内軌型配離子。

銅氨絡合物的形成

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銅二價離子的其中一個3d電子在氨的影響下激發到4p軌域,故有一個3d軌道、一個4s軌道,和兩個4p軌道是空出來的。所以銅二價離子用dsp2雜化,為平面正方形分子構型。[1]

參考資料

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  1. ^ 董元彥; 左賢雲; 鄔荊平. 配位化合物的價鍵理論. 北京: 科學出版社. ISBN 7-03-008266-4. 
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平面正方形分子构型
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