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帕斯卡

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帕斯卡(英語:pascal;符號:Pa)是國際單位制(SI)的壓強單位。在不致混淆的情況下也可簡稱為「」。它等於每平方米牛頓。以法國學者(數學家、物理學家、化學家、音樂家、宗教家、教育家、氣象學家、哲學家)布莱兹·帕斯卡之名而命名。

氣象上常用的“百帕”(hPa)、“千帕”(kPa)、地球物理學上常用的“吉帕斯卡”(GPa)和工程上常用的“兆帕”(MPa),均是自Pa衍生出來的單位。

应用

1 Pa

= 1 N/m² = 1(kg·m·s-2)/m² =1(kg·m-1·s-2
= 0.01 mbar(毫巴)
= 10−5 bar(
≈ 10−5 kgf/cm2(公斤力/平方厘米)

同樣的單位也可表示應力楊氏模量

亞洲東部地表氣壓分表圖

標準一大氣壓是 101.325 kPa = 1013.25 hPa = 1013.25 mbar = 760 Torr(ISO 2533),約為0.1 MPa或1 bar。

全世界的氣象學家長期以毫巴測量氣壓。推出SI單位後,很多氣象學家仍偏好保存習慣性壓力數據。因此,氣象學家今天對氣壓使用「百帕」(hPa)以等於毫巴,而其他幾乎不使用詞頭“百”(hecto,h)的研究領域之類似壓力值則以千帕(kPa)測量之。

1百帕(hPa)

= 100 Pa = 1 mbar

1千帕(kPa)

= 1000 Pa = 10 hPa

1百萬帕(MPa)

= 1×106 Pa

1十億帕(GPa)

= 1×109 Pa

帕斯卡與其他單位的轉換

1 100 000 Pa
1毫巴 100 Pa
1標準大氣壓 101 325 Pa
1 mmHg(毫米水銀柱 133.322 Pa
1 inHg(英寸水銀柱 3386.38 Pa
1 mmH2O(毫米水柱 9.8 Pa
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帕斯卡
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