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标准大气压

标准大气压压强的一种非国际单位制单位,单位符号atm。其具体数值有不同的定义。

标准大气压一般定义为101.325kPa国际民航组织国际标准化组织等组织使用这一数值。[1]

歷史

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在1954年的第十屆國際度量衡大會上認可對標準大氣壓的一般使用,并確定其相當於1,013,250達因/平方厘米(101 325 Pa)。[2] 這個單位代表的是法國巴黎平均海平面的平均大氣壓,它可以代表當時大多數工業國家的平均大氣壓。

IUPAC曾一度将标准温度和压力(STP)定义为0°C(273.15K)及101.325kPa(1atm),但1982年起IUPAC将“标准压强”重新定义为100kPa[3]

單位換算

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壓力單位
帕斯卡 工學大氣壓 标准大气压
(毫米汞柱)
磅力每平方英寸
Pa bar at atm Torr psi
1 Pa 1 N/m2 10−5 1.0197×10−5 9.8692×10−6 7.5006×10−3 145.04×10−6
1 bar 105 106 dyn/cm2 1.0197 0.98692 750.06 14.5037744
1 at 0.980665 ×105 0.980665 1 kp/cm2 0.96784 735.56 14.223
1 atm 1.01325 ×105 1.01325 1.0332 1 760 14.696
1 Torr 133.322 1.3332×10−3 1.3595×10−3 1.3158×10−3 ≈ 1 mmHg 19.337×10−3
1 psi 6.895×103 68.948×10−3 70.307×10−3 68.046×10−3 51.715 1 lbF / in2


参考资料

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  1. ^ International Standard Atmosphere(ISA), [1]页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆
  2. ^ BIPM Definition of the standard atmosphere. [2013-04-21]. (原始内容存档于2017-10-02). 
  3. ^ IUPAC.org, Gold Book, Standard Pressure页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆
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标准大气压
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