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岳 (商朝先公)

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”字习见于殷墟甲骨卜辞。殷墟甲骨文中的“山”、“火”、“岳”三字字形相近,不易辨别,容易混淆。一种观点认为是先商时期的一位商部落先公的名称。一种观点认为是殷人用以泛指山岳的专用名称,并延伸作山岳的山神,受到殷人重厚的祭祀。此外“岳”又是参与贞卜工作的一位贞人或卜官的人名,也是地名。在卜辞中,“岳”常与四位先商远祖并祭。另外还常常被独祭。“岳”具有控制风雨的神能,可能是商部落祖先神与自然神的重合体。“岳”与其他商族先公、神祇的确切关系还有待学者进一步的研究。金相同、蔡哲茂等学者认为“岳”指商部落先公昭明。认为卜辞中有同音假借现象,如阳甲写作“羊甲”、“羌甲”,甲骨文“岳”字从羊从火(或从山,甲骨文中“山”、“火”形近,难以判定),假借“羊”音代表“阳”、“日”。

参阅

参考文献

  • 《〈殷本纪〉订补与商史人物徵》,韩江苏、江林昌
  • 《中华远古史》,王玉哲
  • 《甲骨文字典》,徐中舒
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岳 (商朝先公)
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