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对氯间二甲苯酚

对氯间二甲苯酚
臨床資料
ATC碼
识别信息
  • 4-chloro-3,5-dimethylphenol
    4-氯-3,5-二甲基酚
CAS号88-04-0  checkY
PubChem CID
ChemSpider
UNII
KEGG
CompTox Dashboard英语CompTox Chemicals Dashboard (EPA)
ECHA InfoCard100.001.631 編輯維基數據鏈接
化学信息
化学式C8H9ClO
摩尔质量156.609
3D模型(JSmol英语JSmol
  • Oc1cc(C)c(Cl)c(C)c1

氯二甲酚(英語:Chloroxylenol),又稱對氯間二甲苯酚para-chloro-meta-xylenolPCMX)、4-氯-3,5-二甲基苯酚,是一種防腐劑和消毒劑,主要用於皮膚消毒和清洗外科器械[1]。它還可用於多種家用消毒劑和傷口清潔劑[2]。它比其他一些可用的藥劑效果較差[3][4]。它一般由溶液形式提供[1]

氯二甲酚的副作用一般很少,但可包括對皮膚的刺激[1][3]。它可以與水或酒精混合使用[1]。對於革蘭氏陽性菌來說,氯二甲酚是最有效的[1]。它是通过导致細胞壁的破壞和酶的功能停止来杀死细菌的[4]

氯二甲酚最早是在1927年被提出[5]。它是世界衛生組織的基本藥物清單,是基本衛生系統中最重要的藥物[6]。在開發中國家的批發成本中每5%溶液約為每公升2至6.20美元[7]。它以多種製劑銷售,並以多種品牌名稱出售,如:英国Dettol(滴露)、中国威露士[2][8]

味道

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据RSC实验表明,排除掉滴露消毒水中松油的味道,有淡淡的味。[來源請求]

社会和文化

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对氯间二甲苯酚溶液有多种品牌名称,例如滴露。滴露消毒液含 4.8% 对氯间二甲苯酚,[9]其余为作为溶剂的松节油异丙醇蓖麻油、皂基和水。向滴露溶液加水会得到白色的乳浊液。

参考文献

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  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 WHO Model Formulary 2008 (PDF). World Health Organization. 2009: 324 [8 January 2017]. ISBN 9789241547659. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2016-12-13). 
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 Griffiths, Christopher; Barker, Jonathan; Bleiker, Tanya; Chalmers, Robert; Creamer, Daniel. Rook's Textbook of Dermatology, 4 Volume Set. John Wiley & Sons. : 128.38 [2017-06-26]. ISBN 9781118441176. (原始内容存档于2017-01-13) (英语). 
  3. ^ 3.0 3.1 Digison, MB. A review of anti-septic agents for pre-operative skin preparation.. Plastic surgical nursing : official journal of the American Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgical Nurses. 2007, 27 (4): 185–9; quiz 190–1. PMID 18165724. 
  4. ^ 4.0 4.1 Mahon, Connie R.; Lehman, Donald C.; Jr, George Manuselis. Textbook of Diagnostic Microbiology 5. Elsevier Health Sciences. 2014: 67 [2017-06-26]. ISBN 9780323292627. (原始内容存档于2017-01-13) (英语). 
  5. ^ Larson, E; Talbot, GH. An approach for selection of health care personnel handwashing agents.. Infection control : IC. August 1986, 7 (8): 419–24. PMID 3091524. 
  6. ^ WHO Model List of Essential Medicines (19th List) (PDF). World Health Organization. April 2015 [8 December 2016]. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2016-12-13). 
  7. ^ Chloroxylenol. International Drug Price Indicator Guide. [8 December 2016]. [永久失效連結]
  8. ^ Chloroxylenol - brand name list from Drugs.com. www.drugs.com. [2017-06-26]. (原始内容存档于2017-08-28). 
  9. ^ Summary of Product Characteristics / Dettol Liquid (PDF). MHRA. 22 November 2010 [9 November 2014]. (原始内容 (PDF)存档于2015-01-08). 

外部链接

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对氯间二甲苯酚
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