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磺胺

磺胺
臨床資料
AHFS/Drugs.com消费者药物信息
ATC碼
识别信息
  • 4-aminobenzenesulfonamide
  • 4-胺基苯磺酰胺
CAS号63-74-1  checkY
PubChem CID
DrugBank
ChemSpider
UNII
KEGG
ChEBI
ChEMBL
NIAID ChemDB
CompTox Dashboard英语CompTox Chemicals Dashboard (EPA)
ECHA InfoCard100.000.513 編輯維基數據鏈接
化学信息
化学式C6H8N2O2S
摩尔质量172.20 g/mol
3D模型(JSmol英语JSmol
密度1.08 g/cm3
熔点165 °C(329 °F)
  • O=S(=O)(c1ccc(N)cc1)N
  • InChI=1S/C6H8N2O2S/c7-5-1-3-6(4-2-5)11(8,9)10/h1-4H,7H2,(H2,8,9,10) checkY
  • Key:FDDDEECHVMSUSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N checkY

磺胺(英語:Sulfanilamide),即对氨基苯磺酰胺,是一种具有药用价值的有机物,最早在1908年由奥地利化学家保罗·雅各布·约瑟夫·杰尔莫(Paul Josef Jakob Gelmo)合成,并在1909年获得专利权。磺胺最初是作为一个偶氮类染料的中间体得到合成,但直到20世纪30年代,磺胺的一种衍生物百浪多息得到报道后,人们才开始注意到磺胺类的药用价值。目前的磺胺类药物均是在磺胺的基础上开发出来的[1][2][3][4]

作用與機制

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磺胺類抗生素的作用方式是作為4-氨基苯甲酸(PABA)的競爭性抑制劑而發揮作用。PABA對於葉酸的生合成是必需的,而葉酸又是合成核酸所必須的物質。真菌可以自行合成核酸,但哺乳動物卻不行。因此,磺胺類藥物對於真菌的殺滅作用是選擇性的。然而,這種藥物也有副作用,例如在缺乏葡萄糖-6-磷酸脫氫酶的人類中使用時會引起溶血等不良反應。

参见

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参考文献

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  1. ^ Paul Gelmo. Encyclopedia.com. [2018-07-09]. (原始内容存档于2016-09-17). 
  2. ^ Gelmo, Paul. Über Sulfamide der p-Amidobenzolsulfonsäure. Journal für Praktische Chemie. May 14, 1908, 77: 369–382 [2018-07-09]. (原始内容存档于2016-11-14). 
  3. ^ On May 18, 1909, Deutsches Reich Patentschrift number 226,239 for sulfanilamide was awarded to Heinrich Hörlein of the Bayer corporation.
  4. ^ 尤启冬; et al. 药物化学 第7版. 北京: 人民卫生出版社. 2012: 350–355. ISBN 978-7-117-14434-6. 
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磺胺
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