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天龍座BY型變星

天龍座BY型變星通常屬於晚期的K或M型主序星變星。 這個名稱來自這種變星的原型:天龍座BY。由於表面的星斑恆星的自轉,和色球層上的其它活動,使它們展現出光度上的變化[1]。天龍座BY型變星的亮度波動一般小於0.5視星等光變曲線週期接近恆星的平均自轉週期,被稱為準週期性英语Quasiperiodicity。在週期內的光變曲線是不規則的,並且從一個週期到下一個週期,在形狀上略有變化。對天龍座BY,週期大約是一個月,而形狀保持相似[1]

鄰近的K和M型的天龍座BY型變星包括巴納德星卡普坦星天鵝座61羅斯248拉卡伊8760拉蘭德21185魯坦726-8。羅斯248 是被發現的第一顆天龍座BY型變星,傑拉爾德寇倫在1950年辨識出它的變異。天龍座BY本身的變異在1966年才被發現,Sugainov在1973-1976年間對它進行了詳細的研究[2]

比太陽明亮的南河三,光譜類型為F5 IV/V,也被宣稱是天龍座BY型變星[3]。南河三有兩點異於平常:它正在移出主序星進入次巨星階段;它的核融合反應介於PP燃燒CNO燃燒,這意味著它的中間有對流層和非對流層。而任何一個理由都可以大於正常的星斑

有些天龍座BY型變星會出現閃光,而成為另一型變星:鯨魚座UV型變星[4]。同樣的,天龍座BY型變星的光譜(特別是H和K線)類似於獵犬座RS型變星,這是另一種有著活躍色球層活動的變星[5]

參考資料

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  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 Lopez-Morales, Mercedes; Morrell, N. I.; Butler, R. P.; Seager, S., Limits to Transits of the Neptune-mass planet orbiting Gl 581, Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 2006, 118 (849): 1506, Bibcode:2006PASP..118.1506L, arXiv:astro-ph/0609255可免费查阅, doi:10.1086/508904, BY Draconis variable. This type of variable is characterized by quasiperiodic photometric variations over time scales from less than a day to months, and amplitudes ranging from a few hundredths of a magnitude to 0.5 mags. 
  2. ^ Hoffmeister; et al, Veranderliche Stern, Springer, 1984 
  3. ^ Schaaf, The Brightest Stars, Wiley, 2008 
  4. ^ Schrijver, Carolus J.; Zwaan, Cornelis, Solar and stellar magnetic activity, Cambridge astrophysics series 34, Cambridge University Press: 343, 2000 [2018-06-20], ISBN 0-521-58286-5, (原始内容存档于2021-02-14) 
  5. ^ Jaschek, Carlos; Jaschek, Mercedes, The Classification of Stars, Cambridge University Press: 374, 1990 [2018-06-20], ISBN 0-521-38996-8, (原始内容存档于2021-02-14) 

進階讀物

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  • Samus N.N., Durlevich O.V., et al. Combined General Catalog of Variable Stars (GCVS4.2, 2004 Ed.)
  • Schaaf, Fred, The Brightest Stars, Wiley, 2008
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天龍座BY型變星
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