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目犍連.
目犍連(梵語:Maudgalyayana;巴利語:मोग्गल्लान,羅馬化:Moggallāna)也稱大目犍連、沒特伽羅、目犍蓮。釋迦牟尼佛的十大弟子之神通第一,事母至孝,佛教、道教及民間傳說的《目連救母》正是以祂廣施齋聖、救母超生的故事為藍本。
目犍連與好友舍利弗初師事六師外道中的散若夷,後來二人一起改投釋迦佛僧團,皆成釋迦佛十大弟子,目犍連以神通第一著稱。在藏傳佛教中,目犍連與舍利弗往往會被雕塑在釋迦牟尼佛身邊,隨侍釋迦佛一同接受供養、膜拜,而漢傳佛教中,釋迦佛身邊則雕塑阿難與摩訶迦葉較多。
目犍連雖有「神通第一」之力,可是卻在一次弘法經行中,死於裸形外道(亦有說為執杖梵志)的暗殺。佛教一般認為,祂是無意抵抗業報,而非不能預知暗殺行動,因为祂曾經两次逃脱谋杀,佛教常以此教導「定業不可消」之理。
在《妙法蓮華經》中,目犍連被釋迦佛授記將來無量劫後成佛,佛號多摩羅跋旃檀香。[1]
傳說目犍連在佛陀弟子中神通第一,善於種種神通變化。
- 南傳上座部認為目犍連以神通上達天宮,諮問天人業果,傳下《天宫事》。
- 不明部派的《餓鬼報應經》、《鬼問目連經》、《雜藏經》記載目犍連神足通第一,常乘神通足遍六道,見眾生受善惡果報,為人說之,如目犍連至恒河邊見餓鬼,問其因緣。
- ^ 《妙法蓮華經》卷3〈6 授記品〉:「爾時世尊復告大眾:『我今語汝,是大目犍連,當以種種供具供養八千諸佛,恭敬尊重。諸佛滅後,各起塔廟,高千由旬,縱廣正等五百由旬,皆以金、銀、琉璃、車璩、馬瑙、真珠、玫瑰、七寶合成,眾華、瓔珞、塗香、末香、燒香、繒蓋、幢幡,以用供養。過是已後,當復供養二百萬億諸佛,亦復如是。當得成佛,號曰多摩羅跋栴檀香如來、應供、正遍知、明行足、善逝、世間解、無上士、調御丈夫、天人師、佛、世尊。劫名喜滿,國名意樂。其土平正,頗梨為地,寶樹莊嚴,散真珠華,周遍清淨,見者歡喜。多諸天、人、菩薩、聲聞,其數無量。佛壽二十四小劫,正法住世四十小劫,像法亦住四十小劫。』」
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