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圣若翰洗者大殿

立面

圣若翰洗者大殿(Basilica di San Giovanni Maggiore)是一座罗马天主教宗座圣殿,位于意大利那不勒斯市中心的圣若翰街。

该教堂始建于324年。传说康斯坦丁大帝创建此堂,感谢他的女儿康斯坦斯从海难中获救,可能由供奉海克勒斯或哈德良的异教神庙改建。

立面的背面

该教堂历经多次重建,6世纪改建为拜占庭 风格。1635年地震后,于1656年由迪奥尼西奥拉扎里重建成今天看到的巴洛克式建筑。他设计的圆顶,于1685年完成。在1732年和1805年又经历地震和重建。1870年的地震摧毁了教堂屋顶,已无法恢复昔日的细节。1872年若瑟•佩雷拉神父委托工程师乔治•汤姆林森重建新古典主义的,于1887年建成。一百年后,屋顶再度坍塌,教堂再度关闭42年,直到1978年恢复早期基督教的后殿。该教堂长期关闭,进行修复和建筑研究[1]

内部

[编辑]

教会为巴西利卡平面。立面的背面是大型壁画《圣若翰洗者向门徒讲道》(1730)。现在的天花板很简单,系1970年地震以后安放。原来的天花板《基督的洗礼》可以在右边的第一个小堂看到。

十字架小堂,洛伦佐•瓦卡罗
正祭台和古代后殿

壮观的正祭台,已受损多年,由多梅尼科•安东尼奥•瓦卡罗建于1743年。后殿的背后是可见的古代的教堂后殿。

在左侧耳堂的十字架小堂(Cappellone del Crocifisso),有康斯坦丁和康斯坦斯父女的雕像(洛伦佐•瓦卡罗,1689年)。

40°50′44″N 14°15′20″E / 40.845464°N 14.255520°E / 40.845464; 14.255520

参考

[编辑]
  1. ^ Article in "la Repubblica" del 21-01-2011.. [2014-10-29]. (原始内容存档于2014-10-29). 
  • Bartolomeo Capasso, Napoli greco-romana, Naples, 1905
  • Carlo Celano, a cura di Giovanni Battista Chiarini, Notizie del bello, dell'antico e del curioso della città di Napoli, 1870
  • Gennaro Aspreno Galante, Guida sacra della città di Napoli, 1872
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圣若翰洗者大殿
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