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單層上皮細胞

單層上皮的定義是表面上皮由單一層細胞所構成。單層上皮大部分出現在參與選擇性擴散、吸收分泌的界面處,它們抵抗機械性傷害的保護作用較低,因此不會出現在需承受此種擊力的表面處。構成單層上皮的細胞形狀可由非常扁平至高柱狀,端視其功能而定。單層扁平上皮適於擴散作用的進行,所以會出現在肺泡的氣囊、血管的內襯(內皮)和體腔內襯(間皮)處。反之,內襯小腸的高度活躍上皮細胞則通常比較高,因爲它們必須容納較多的胞器。單層扁平上皮具有各種的表面特化,如微絨毛和纖毛,它們可加強其特殊的表面功能。

另外可以分為

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單層上皮細胞
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