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啟祥門

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近处是雨花阁前的春华门。门前通道为西筒子。远处是啟祥門(外啟祥門)

啟祥門,位于北京故宫,有两座。

简介

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北京故宫有两座啟祥門。一座是太极殿的正门,俗称“内啟祥門”,坐北朝南,门上现无匾额。另一座是位于内啟祥門外西侧的门,坐东朝西,西侧挂有“啟祥門”陡匾,俗称“外啟祥門”。通常称的啟祥門,一般都指外啟祥門。外啟祥門西对长庚门,东对嘉祉门(位于内啟祥門外东侧)、纯佑门(位于永寿门外西侧)、咸和右门(位于永寿门外东侧)。

清朝乾隆三十四年(1769年)修成的《国朝宫史·卷十三·宫殿三·内廷下》记载:“三宫之西为西二长街,南则螽斯门,北则百子门也。街西与纯佑门相对者曰嘉祉门。再西为启祥门。中间南向者亦曰启祥门。门内为启祥宫。”其中前一个啟祥門指外啟祥門,後一个啟祥門指内啟祥門。[1]

外啟祥門一直不开。2013年清明节放假期间,故宫博物院开通第三条游览通道,即打开啟祥門(外啟祥門),让仅参观西六宫区域、不准备参观御花园的观众,可选择从启祥门西出,沿着西筒子往北,经西长房到达神武门出去,这是一条单向通道。[2]此後,故宫博物院每逢5月国际劳动节[3]、10月国庆[4]等放假期间,经常打开啟祥門、西筒子的这条通道。

参考文献

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啟祥門
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