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哨音

哨音(英語:Whistle register),流行音乐中又俗称海豚音,並非天然的發聲方法,可以透過後天訓練做到,其發聲原理與俗稱頭聲和假声不同。其名稱源於聲音如哨子聲般尖銳而響亮,而發聲方法和一般聲樂中的M1-常態帶聲[註 1]不同。

哨音是人声最高的声区,位于模式声和假声之上。

在部分女高音中,模式声的发声可能会延伸到通常认为的哨音声区。[1]

生理原理与定義

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哨音音域是最高的发声态区域,对大多数歌手来说始于女高音的“高D”(D6或1174.6 Hz),延伸大约八度(到D7或2349.3 Hz)。它只使用声带后部。哨音声区的下部可能与模式声、假声的上部重叠,歌手于是可以用不同方式发音;不过最常用于D6以上的音高。有一些罕见的声部(voice)可以将哨音声区延伸到上述范围之外,例如大多数歌剧花腔女高音可以唱到“高”F,而不进入哨音声区。[1]

哨音的產生方法,目前亦未有一套很完整的理論,但有研究察覺到藉著聲帶中間的空隙、即聲門中的前端空間部份產生振動時,會較容易產生高頻率的聲音[2]。另外亦幾乎肯定當喉內在肌英语pharyngeal intrinsic muscle中的外環杓肌英语Lateral cricoarytenoid muscle有活動、而後環杓肌英语Posterior cricoarytenoid muscle並不活動時,在杓狀軟骨間會形成了一個三角形的空間,此時聲帶突會互相接觸,而杓狀軟骨的基座 (Apex) 後方卻沒有互相接觸,這種特殊的狀況,不但沒有讓聲帶伸展英语stretching,更會遠離聲帶突[3]。在這個狀況下,也較容易產生哨音。

流行文化

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使用哨音的歌曲或歌手通常都以非常高的音域著稱。如:

  • 维塔斯的許多歌曲如歌劇二和諧第七元素等。
  • 科幻電影第五元素的插曲女神之舞

注释

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  1. ^ 又稱真聲

參考資料

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  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 James C. McKinney. The Diagnosis and Correction of Vocal Faults: A Manual for Teachers of Singing and for Choir Directors. Genevox Music Group. 1994 [2013-07-26]. ISBN 978-1-56593-940-0. 
  2. ^ Lesley Mathieson; Margaret C. L. Greene. Greene and Mathieson's the voice and its disorders. Whurr. 2001-06-01 [2013-07-26]. ISBN 978-1-86156-196-1. (原始内容存档于2019-04-28). 
  3. ^ Van den Berg, J.W. Vocal Ligaments versus Registers. The NATS Bulletin. December 1963, 19: 18. 

外部連結

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哨音
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