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命根.
命根（梵文及巴利語：Jīvitindriya），佛教術語，二十二根之一，為生命存在的根源，佛教認為它具備了壽、煖、識三個特色。說一切有部將它列入心不相應行法之一。南傳上座部將命根分為色命根（rūpa-jīvitindriya），與非色命根（arūpa-jīvitindriya）二者。非色命根是心所法之一，為七個遍行心所之一。
命根（Jīvitindriya）由Jīvitaṃ（生命）與Indriya（根）兩個單字組成。
佛教認為，所有生命的本體，稱為命根，它又被稱為壽命，能夠維持身體的溫度（煖）及意識（識）。當生命失去命根，失去壽、煖、識三者，即變成單純的色蘊堆積，分解為四大，即是死亡[1]。
說一切有部認為，它是一種身心相續的狀態，並沒有實體，也不是靈魂。因此列入心不相應行之中[2]。《俱舍論》將它的作用分為能續及能持二者[3]。
- ^ 《雜阿含經》卷10〈265經〉：「壽暖及諸識，離此餘身分，永棄丘塚間，如木無識想。」
- ^ 玄奘譯《阿毘達磨大毘婆沙論》卷143：「問：何故於諸不相應行，唯命立根？答：唯命根有根義故。謂彼唯是有情數攝，唯是異熟，能遍任持，故立為根，餘皆不爾。所以者何？四有為相，三義皆無；無想異熟，無遍持義；其眾同分，非唯異熟，由彼亦通，等流性故；二無心定，名、句、文身，得、非得等，無後二義，故彼一切，皆不立根。
- ^ 玄奘譯《俱舍論》卷3：「命根二者。謂於眾同分能續及能持。」
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