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泰伯

泰伯
無錫泰伯庙至德殿内的泰伯塑像
泰伯
封地吴国

泰伯(?—?),一作太伯姬姓,是周太王(古公亶父)长子,因为太王第三子季歷的儿子有“圣瑞”,所以太王希望以季歷为继承人,然後傳位給。於是作为季歷的兄弟泰伯與仲雍不忍发生王位争夺而同避居今无锡东南六十里之梅里紋身斷髮,以示不可用。

泰伯將中原當時農業等先進科技帶至當時尚未開發的江南地區,故此土著崇尚泰伯的道義和對當地的貢獻,歸附者千餘家,並且奉立泰伯為當地的君主,於前1096年[1]自號句吳。泰伯死后无子,仲雍继立。

吳國亡國後,仲雍的一些子孫入海,有一些观点认为是邪馬台國倭人的始祖,[2][3]但并没有獲历史学界广泛接受。中巖圓月林羅山也認為神武天皇是他後人。[4][5][6][7]

紀念

  • 泰伯墓:為泰伯的墓葬處,位於江蘇無錫。
  • 泰伯庙 (无锡):位於江蘇無錫,為紀念泰伯,吳國歷代君主和功臣所建。
  • 泰伯庙 (苏州):位于江蘇蘇州阊门内下塘。
  • 泰伯庙 (庆阳):位于甘肃省庆阳市庆城县太白梁乡大平村。
  • 鹿兒島神宮:配祀吳太伯。

影響

前任:
句吴君主 繼任:
仲雍

参考资料

  1. ^ 《吳地記》云:「二十五王,治國總六百二十四年。」從前473年起上溯,即吳國建國於前1096年。
  2. ^ 金履祥,《通鉴前编·吴亡条》:“今,日本又云为吴太伯之后,盖吴亡,其支庶,入海为倭。”
  3. ^ 新撰姓氏录》:‘松野,吴王夫差之后也。’此吴人来于我之始也。”
  4. ^ 中巖圓月,《日本纪》:“国常立尊为吴太伯之后。”
  5. ^ 林罗山,《神武天皇论》:“太伯逃荆蛮,……其子孙来筑紫,……是天孙降日向高千穗之谓耶?……神武四十五岁东征,……呜呼!姬氏之子孙(吴太伯本姓姬)可本支百世,万世为君矣,不亦盛哉!彼强大之吴,虽灭于越,我邦之宝祚,于天地而无穷,于是愈信太伯之至德。”
  6. ^ 林罗山,《本朝通鉴》:“日本始祖,吴太伯之胤也。”
  7. ^ 德川光圀,《大日本史》:“称曰尔吴之后,则神州大宝,不免为异域附庸,岂不悲哉。”
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泰伯
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